instruction: measurement of brachial artery diameter variation by ultrasound methods has commonly been used to test the endothelial function. it is known that the artery diameter is increased by flow stimulation. therefore in the present study, the effect of external obstruction, as flow stimulation, on the radial strain of the brachial artery was assessed. also the biomechanical behavior of th...

Total thyroidectomy was performed in a 53-year-old male, with Graves-Basedow's disease. At surgery, the vagus nerve was found to be located medially to the carotid artery associated with a non-recurrent laryngeal nerve arising directly from the cervical vagus: this association has never been described in the literature. These results indicate that a medial location of the vagus nerve may be con...

Laryngopharyngeal or gastroesophageal reflux is associated with laryngeal airway hyperreactivity (LAH), but neither the cause-effect relationship nor the underlying mechanism has been elucidated. Here we established a rat model with enhanced laryngeal reflex reactivity induced by laryngeal acid-pepsin insult and investigated the neural and hydroxyl radical (*OH) mechanisms involved. The larynge...

We report the case of a 54-year-old woman who presented for evaluation of deterioration in her voice and swallowing function, which had begun after she had undergone a medialization laryngoplasty for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Findings on examination and imaging revealed that a mass had developed adjacent to the Silastic implant that had been placed during the laryngoplasty. The superior ...

Thyroid surgery can give rise to complications if performed without adequate knowledge of anatomy. With adequate knowledge of its anatomy, its variations and optimal operative technique complications can be reduced. Structures that should be protected at all costs include the recurrent laryngeal nerves, external branches of superior laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands. Safe surgery involves...

tuberculosis is a major health problem in iran and its laryngeal involvement is not uncommon. laryngeal tuberculosis is so infectious and delay in diagnosis and treatment could result spread of disease and causes divesting complications. we reviewed clinical and para-clinical characteristics of patients with laryngeal tuberculosis in iran. in a cross sectional study, patients with laryngeal tub...

Diagnosis and treatment of the immobile or hypomobile vocal fold are challenging for the otolaryngologist. True paralysis and paresis result from vocal fold denervation secondary to injury to the laryngeal or vagus nerve. Vocal fold paresis or paralysis may be unilateral or bilateral, central or peripheral, and it may involve the recurrent laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal nerve, or both. The...

OBJECTIVE To examine the historical evidence that the thyroidectomy performed on operatic soprano Amelita Galli-Curci was responsible for the abrupt termination of her career. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve may be injured during thyroidectomy, producing vocal defects more subtle than those found after recurrent nerve injury. It is widely believed that...

hepatic artery aneurysms are rare but potentially life threatening. we describe a novel case of a successful endovascular coil embolization of a huge hepatic artery aneurysm. a 67-year-old woman presented with recent abdominal pain that had begun from 2 weeks before referring to our hospital. sonographic and computerized tomographic (ct) findings revealed a huge hepatic artery aneurysm with 95 ...