The purpose of this study was to explore whether global efforts stop as a consequence of postural muscle exhaustion. To this end, seated adults were asked to exert 75% maximal voluntary contractions bimanual push efforts until exhaustion. A dynamometer was used to measure the horizontal force exerted on a bar (Fx) and a custom-designed force plate measured the antero-posterior displacement of t...

Introduction: To determine the distance of Extraocular Muscle (EOM) insertions to limbus in Iranian people. Materials and Methods: 173 cases (173 eyes) were entered in an observational cross-sectional study. Patients referred to the Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital were included. All of them had to be operated on specific indications. After 360 peritomy in the operating room, the distance between EM in...

PURPOSE High-resolution orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to investigate the structural basis of ocular motility abnormalities in humans with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 1 (CFEOM1) due to missense mutations in the developmental kinesin KIF21A. METHODS Clinical ophthalmic and motility findings in 19 volunteers from six unrelated CFEOM1 pedigrees harborin...

OBJECTIVE To examine structural abnormalities in subregions of the prefrontal cortex in elderly patients with depression, the authors explored differences in gray matter, white matter, and CSF volumes by applying a parcellation method based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD Twenty-four elderly patients with major depression and 19 group-matched comparison subjects were studied with ...

OBJECTIVES This case report looks at a 53-year-old patient who had suffered a penetrating foreign body injury to the retro-orbital space and the surgical approach taken to remove the large glass fragments found and to correct the damage caused. Having fallen while holding a drinking glass, this patient suffered multiple laceration injuries to the maxillofacial region upon the glass shattering i...

Summary We present the case of an 87-year-old female with a one-week history redness, swelling, and pain in left eye, accompanied by headache neck pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated extreme enlargement supraorbital artery, engaging superior rectus muscle eye. could not find similar articles well-recognized scientific networks. Conservative treatment was conducted, no improvement. ...

The Authors Reply We appreciate the clinical and radiological comments by Tsuda, concerning partial oculomotor fascicular paresis in our patient (1). He proposed the possibility that the left medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) syndrome and palsy of the right inferior rectus muscle were present in our patient. The red glass test and Hess chart were performed in our patient. These results revea...

1. The reflex effect of direct mechanical stimulation of the exposed ampulla of the horizontal canal has been graphically recorded for each of the six extrinsic muscles of the eyeball. 2. Stimulation of a horizontal ampulla evokes a strong contraction of the homolateral rectus internus and of the contralateral rectus externus; at the same time the homolateral rectus externus and the contralater...

PURPOSE The authors observed the unusual complication of inverse Bell's phenomenon of two cases following repeated and extensive levator resection surgery for a blepharoptosis and suggest the possible mechanism of the phenomenon. METHODS Case report. RESULTS The first case was a 22-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a congenital ptosis with good levator function and she underwent levator...