Recent neurophysiological evidence suggests that the so-called precedence effect is a composite of multiple phenomena, in particular echo suppression and “active” mechanisms that build up and release suppression. We propose a simple functional model of echo suppression in a population of low-frequency ITD-sensitive neurons in the inferior colliculus. Our model is based on Zurek’s 1987 proposal,...

BACKGROUND The risk of sexual HIV transmission in serodiscordant couples when the HIV-positive partner has full virologic suppression on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is debated. This study aims to systematically review observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), evaluating rates of sexual HIV transmission between heterosexual serodiscordant couples when the HIV-p...

Experimental autoimmune vitiligo was induced by the intradermal injection of the purified mushroom tyrosinase emulsified in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) in female C57BL/6 mice. The onset of vitiligo was characterized by hair hypopigmentation and total melanocyte depletion in the basal layer of the epidermis. Oral administration of semipurified mushroom tyrosinase prevented experimental auto...

background and aim : the hearing loss and acoustic feedback signal in the binaural hearing aids may annoy users, make speech reorganization difficult, and affect the sound quality. this paper presents a new method for acoustic feedback suppression in binaural hearing aids, based on the combination of binaural information and blind source separation. this method can enhance sound from the specif...

The temperature dependence of fatigue crack growth in stage IIb was investigated Ti–0.49 mass%O with an alpha single phase. It found that the rate independent at temperatures above 300 K. EBSD maps beside showed prismatic slips 〈a〉 dislocations were dominantly activated during growth. reason why is discussed numerical crystal plasticity analysis. shown local strain notch tip higher than macrosc...

For analyses of complex sounds, many neurons integrate information across different spectral elements via suppressive effects that are distant from the neurons' excitatory tuning. In the mustached bat, suppression evoked by sounds within the first sonar harmonic (23-30 kHz) or in the subsonar band (<23 kHz) alters responsiveness to the higher best frequencies of many neurons. This study examine...

The phenomenon of entropic stochastic resonance (ESR) is investigated with the presence a time-periodic force in transverse direction. Simulation results manifest that ESR can survive even if there no static bias any direction, just driving field applied. In weak noise region, leads to giant-suppression escape rate from one well another, i.e. trapping. increase intensity will eliminate this sup...

SUMMARY We have studied the transplantability and growth in syngeneic hosts of a malignant alveolar cell carcinoma of the BALB/c mouse lung. In untreated mice, the cancer can be established with fewer than 100 cells and grows with a volume doubling time of 3. 1 days. Total-body irradiation of the host with 500 R 2 hr prior to s.c. inoculation with tumor cells does not affect the transplantabili...

Responses of anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) neurons in developing gerbils were obtained to single-tone stimuli, and two-tone stimuli elicited by best frequency probes presented over a range of intensities. Neurons displayed Type I, Type I/III, and Type III receptive field patterns. Best frequencies ranged from 1.5 to 10.0 kHz. Two-tone suppression (2TS) was first observed in 5 of 16 neur...

We present results from assimilated analyses of observations from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer showing evidence for a regular suppression of baroclinic circumpolar storm activity in both hemispheres of Mars around winter solstice. General circulation model simulations are then used to elucidate the structure and possible causes of this suppression, for which the local ...