Radiation is an important modality for cervical and upper-thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Delineating the lymph node clinical target volume (CTVn) for EC remains a challenging task. The present paper retrospectively analyzes the distribution of affected lymph nodes of cervical and upper thoracic ESCC on CT images to provide a reference for determination of CTVn. The cases of...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present work was to analyse the impact of mild hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) of infra-supraclavicular lymph nodes after axillary dissection on late toxicity. METHODS From 2007 to 2012, 100 females affected by breast cancer (pT1- T4, pN1-3, pMx) were treated with conservative surgery, Axillary Node Dissection (AND) and loco-regional radiotherapy (whole breast plu...

Introduction: Different types of additives are commonly used to prolong the duration of brachial plexus block.The present study was aimed to test the hypothesis that dexmedetomidine produces a superior analgesia, motor block and post operative analgesia when added as an adjuvant to ropivacaine 0.5% in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Materials andMethods: A total of 100 patients (20-50 ye...

Background The supraclavicular approach is considered to be the easiest and most effective approach to block the brachial plexus for upper limb surgeries. The classical approach using the anatomical landmark technique was associated with higher failure rates and complications. Ultrasonography (USG) guidance and peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) have improved the success rates and safety margin....

A sclerosing perineurioma presents as a single asymptomatic papule or nodule located on the hands of adult patients; approximately 60 cases have been reported in medical literature since 1997. Histologically, it originates from the perineural cells of the peripheral nerves and presents epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) positivity and S100 protein negativity. Here, we present the case of a 58-ye...

Background. Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a benign lipomatous tumour, typically occurring in the posterior neck, shoulder or upper back of elderly males. They compose of fat, CD34 positive spindle cells, and ropey collagen on a myxoid matrix. This case highlights a rare presentation of SCL and the need for pre-operative diagnosis. Case Report. A 63-year-old gentleman presented with a pre-existin...

The authors present a case of a left gigantic supraclavicular and lateralcervical tumor with rapid growth, which has turned out to be a subdeltoideus bursitis.