Closed end ~10, 10! single walled carbon nanotubes ~SWNTs! have been opened by oxidation at their ends and at wall defect sites, using ozone. Oxidation with ozone, followed by heating to 973 K to liberate CO and CO2, causes etching of the nanotube surface at carbon atom vacancy defect sites. The rate of adsorption of Xe has been carefully measured as a function of the degree of nanotube etching...

Abstract The railroad rail support trains and contributes to their operation. Internal surface defects occur on the due various combinations of causes including fatigue loading cyclic tension compression among others from deterioration along with temperature differences seasonal changes. Surface such as head check, shelling, squats start out in become internal poor maintenance, ultimately resul...

Metastable impact electron spectroscopy ~MIES! and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy are used in this study to investigate low-defect and defective MgO~100! thin films. Unlike low-defect films, defective films exhibit a new spectroscopic feature located ;2 eV above the top of valence band. Exposing the defective film to oxygen quenches the emission of electrons from F centers created on th...

The steel strips produced in steel-making plants, are used as raw material in many other industries, so quality control is an essential aspect. One factor that indicates the quality of a steel strip is the number of defects, such as holes or scratches, on its surface. This paper describes a technique to detect an especially harmful type of surface defect called periodical defect. These defects ...

This study demonstrates that precise control of nonequilibrium growth conditions during pulsed laser deposition (PLD) can be exploited to produce single-crystalline anatase TiO2 nanobrush architectures with large surface areas terminated with high energy {001} facets. The data indicate that the key to nanobrush formation is controlling the atomic surface transport processes to balance defect ag...

: We present phonon thermal conductance calculations for silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with diameters ranging from 1 to 5 nm with and without vacancy defects by the non-equilibrium Green's function technique using the interatomic Tersoff-Brenner potentials. For the comparison, we also present phonon thermal conductance calculations for diamond nanowires. For two types of vacancy defects in the SiNW...

Steel surface defect detection is essentially one of pattern recognition problems. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are known as one of the most proper classifiers in this application. In this paper, we introduce a more accurate classification method by using SVMs as our final classifier of the inspection system. In this scheme, multiclass classification task is performed based on the ”one-agains...