Abstract Ride comfort is a relevant performance for road vehicles. The suspension system can filter vibration caused by the uneven to improve ride comfort. Optimization of vehicle has been extensively studied. As detailed models require significant computational effort, it becomes increasingly important develop an efficient optimization framework. In this work, multi-fidelity surrogate-based fr...

•Fluid and highly conductive carbon-based suspensions are reported•The potentially useful for flow-assisted electrochemical applications•Charge discharge of flowable electrodes is quantitatively demonstrated Carbon suspension promising energy storage systems. They serve as in electrolyte solutions flow batteries, or capacitors. can also be used other applications such capacitive deionization wa...