Killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is mediated by the secretion of lytic granules. The centrosome plays a key role in granule delivery, polarizing to the central supramolecular activation complex (cSMAC) within the immunological synapse upon T cell receptor (TCR) activation. Although stronger TCR signals lead to increased target cell death than do weaker signals, it is not known how the ...

The aim of the present study was to compare physiological responses derived from an incremental progressive field test with a constant speed test i.e. intermittent versus continuous protocol. Two progressive maximum tests (Carminatti`s test (T-CAR) and the Vameval test (T-VAM)), characterized by increasing speed were used. T-CAR is an intermittent incremental test, performed as shuttle runs; wh...

We describe the use of an immunofluorescence assay and coculture to confirm human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 32 of 32 seropositive donors were positive in the immunofluorescence assay, and 63% of their cocultures produced p24 antigen. Specific antibodies distinguished HTLV type I (HTLV-I) from HTLV-II. HTLV-I or HTLV-II was isolated ...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effects of a support group intervention on the burden of primary family caregivers of stroke patients. METHOD A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects were 36 primary family caregivers of stroke patients [experimental(N=18) and control(N=18) groups] in a neurosurgery ward of a university hosp...

The low problem-solving ability of students was due to the lack student learning activities, so that activities were needed can motivate learn and develop skills. This study aimed analyze effectiveness based on Revised Bloom's Taxonomy abilities. type research used development with a 4D model. subjects this four experts 55 fourth-grade elementary school students. object Taxonomy-oriented activi...

Cluster-based permutation tests are widely used in neuroscience studies for the analysis of high-dimensional electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) data as it may address multiple comparison problem without reducing statistical power. However, classical cluster-based relies on parametric t-tests, whose assumptions not be verified case non-normality distribution alternati...

In adaptive randomized experiments, researchers verify that random allocation yielded equivalent experimental groups before proceeding with data analysis. Given a precise definition of balanced groups (e.g., Cohen’s d < 0.5 for a continuous covariate), researchers may plan to keep reshuffling participants until balance is achieved. However, reshuffling can invalidate standard parametric tests, ...

In order to circumvent the influence of correlation in paired-samples and repeated measures experimental designs, researchers typically perform a one-sample Student t test on difference scores. That procedure entails some loss of power, because it employs N – 1 degrees of freedom instead of the 2N – 2 degrees of freedom of the independent-samples t test. In the case of non-normal distributions,...

This study aims to determine the heatwave announcement in China can increase Indonesia's coal export potential. On abnormal Return on shares of PT Bumi Resource Tbk (BUMI) and Adaro Energy Indonesia (ADRO). The method used analyze this research is an event study. Hypothesis testing was carried out using normality tests, paired sample t-tests one-sample T-tests. From results study, it found that...