Background This paper aims to explore the application value of tuberculosis-specific enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T-SPOT.TB) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Methods Fifty one patients with tuberculosis (TB) admitted to Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital, Wuxi, China from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected as the TB group, and 40 patients without tuberculosis admitted in the same period were r...

Both innate and adaptive immunity play an important role in host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Although several studies have suggested that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype affects susceptibility to infection, it remains unclear whether the modulation of T-cell immunity by the MHC locus determines the host's susceptibility to tuberculosis. To determine ...

CD4 T cells are important in the protective immune response against tuberculosis. Two mouse models deficient in CD4 T cells were used to examine the mechanism by which these cells participate in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. Transgenic mice deficient in either MHC class II or CD4 molecules demonstrated increased susceptibility to M. tuberculosis, compared with wild-ty...

The development of an effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a research area of intense interest. Mounting evidence suggests that protective immunity to M. tuberculosis relies on both MHC class II-restricted CD4(+) T cells and MHC class I-restricted CD8(+) T cells. By purifying polypeptides present in the culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis and evaluating these molecules for th...

Bovine tuberculosis is an important worldwide disease mainly related to cattle, although it also affects other mammals, including humans. In recent years, there have been considerable advances in the knowledge of immune response mechanisms underlying interaction Mycobacterium bovis, main agent bovine tuberculosis, with its hosts. this review we describe most findings on cattle M. particularly r...

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major infectious disease worldwide. Moreover, latent M. tuberculosis infection is more likely to progress to active TB and eventually leads to death when HIV infection is involved. Thus, it is urgent to develop a novel TB vaccine with immunogenicity to both M. tuberculosis and HIV. In this study, four uncharacterized T cell epitop...

The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is difficult. In recent years, T-cell interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are widely used in diagnosing tuberculosis. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of body fluid IGRAs in diagnosing EPTB. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane bibliographies were searched for English language articles. 22 studie...

The long-term control of tuberculosis (TB) will require the development of more effective anti-TB vaccines, as the only licensed vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), has limited protective efficacy against infectious pulmonary TB. Subunit vaccines have an improved safety profile over live, attenuated vaccines, such as BCG, and may be used in immuno-compromised individuals...

BACKGROUND There are limited data comparing interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in highly endemic settings. METHODS A cross-sectional household contact study was conducted to measure the agreement of two IGRAs in relation to the tuberculin skin test (TST) to detect M tuberculosis infection and to assess the influence of M tuberculo...

Host control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the activation of CD4+ T cells secreting IFN-gamma and their recruitment to the site of infection. The development of more efficient vaccines against tuberculosis requires detailed understanding of the induction and maintenance of T cell immunity. Cytokines important for the development of cell-mediated immunity include IL-12 and IL-23,...