1. Acute Rhinosinusitis: Adapted Egyptian Clinical Practice Guidelines Ahmed Ragab, Reda Kamel, Ashraf Khaled, Baliegh Hamdy, Elfarouk, Mohamed Elsharnouby, Hossam Elsherif 2. Chronic Magdy Eisa, Osama Tomoum 3. Allergic Rhinitis: Gamea, Ayman Medani, Zeyad Mandour 4. Epistaxis: Ibrahim Rezk Mohammed, Diaa Elhennawi, Rifaat 5. Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea (CSF): Ismail Elnashar, Mostafa A. El...

Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is chronic tubulointersticial nephritis of unknown aetiology characterized by an insidious onset and gradual progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Endemic regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Posavina and Semberija, sited at basin of Sava River. In BEN, just like in other chronic renal diseases (CKD), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), is assumed a mark...

BACKGROUND Diagnostic criteria for Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) have not been precisely established. In the present study the predictive value of variables previously proposed as diagnostic criteria for BEN was examined. METHODS The study involved 182 patients: 98 patients with BEN, 57 patients with other kidney diseases (20 with glomerulonephritis, 17 with tubulointerstitial diseases and...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have linked smaller kidney dimensions to increased blood pressure. However, patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN), whose kidneys shrink during the course of the disease, do not manifest increased blood pressure. The authors evaluated the relationship between kidney cortex width, kidney length, and blood pressure in the offspring of BEN patients and controls....

The incidence of upper urothelial carcinomas (UUC) is even more than hundred times higher in the foci of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), by investigations of our team, and others. Every tenth patient suffers from both diseases. Etiology is unknown. It would seem that BEN is a tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with urothelial malignancy. We found that apoptosis plays an important role in...

BEN is a primary, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis characterized with chronic anemia, absence of edema, xantoderma, normal blood pressure and normal findings on the fundus oculi. The disease is distributed in restricted areas in Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Bosnia, Former Yugoslavia. Despite numerous studies on genetic and environmental factors and their possible involvement in BEN, its etio...

Cigarette smoking is a chronic relapsing brain disorder, and remains a premier cause of morbidity and mortality. Functional neuroimaging has been used to assess differences in the mean strength of brain activity in smokers' brains, however less is known about the temporal dynamics within smokers' brains. Temporal dynamics is a key feature of a dynamic system such as the brain, and may carry inf...

Despite differences in their morphologies, comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed high levels of similarity (>94 %) between strains of the filamentous bacterium 'Candidatus Nostocoida limicola' and the cocci Tetrasphaera australiensis and Tetrasphaera japonica and the rod Tetrasphaera elongata, all isolated from activated sludge. These sequence data and their chemotaxonomic ch...

Ben Gorte Dept. of Geoinformatics ITC the Netherlands [email protected] Commission III, Working Group 3