The properties of an antifungal coating film made from chitosan (CH) combined with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) and Indonesian sandalwood essential oil (SEO) were investigated. Incorporation 0.5% SEO or 0.025% ZNPs plus into 0.8% CH solution showed outstanding effects on the inhibition both mycelium growth spore germination Penicillium italicum. mechanism was explained by measuring loss memb...

An efficient protocol for the genetic transformation of cell suspension cultures of several citrus cultivars using Agrobacterium is described. Cell suspension cultures of Citrus sinensis ‘Hamlin’, ‘Valencia’ and ‘OLL8’ (an early maturing ‘Valencia’ like somaclone), Citrus unshiu ‘Okitsu wase’ and Citrus reticulata ‘Ponkan’ and ‘W. Murcott’ were transformed using A. tumefaciens EHA105. It was de...

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that effective in vitro against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Since the ciprofloxacin, along with other pharmaceuticals, can influence environment, goal of this study was to examine possibility ciprofloxacin removal from water using biosorbents, an unconventional cheaper subclass adsorbents. For purpose, effect ionic strength, pH, ...

Antrodia cinnamomea is a valuable fungus. The 4-acetylantroquinonol B (4-AAQB) contained in it has strong anticancer activity. In this study, five kinds of herbs, burdock, wolfberry, coix seed, hawthorn, and tangerine peel were selected processed into powders, aqueous extracts, ethanolic extracts to investigate the effects on production 4-AAQB by A. cinnamomea. A combination strategy was conduc...

Flow cytometry (FCM), simple sequence repeats (SSR) and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) were used to characterize the ploidy level and the nuclear and cytoplasmic compositions of two intergeneric somatic hybrids of Changshou kumquat (Fortunella obovata), leaf parent, and Dancy tangerine (Citrus reticulata), suspension parent. FCM showed that both somatic hybrids were tetraploids. ...

In this study, 3 mm thick quince slices were dipped in bitter orange (BO), tangerine (Citrus deliciosa Mediterranean) (CDM), (O), reticulata Owari) (CRO), pomegranate (P) juices and a non-pre-treatment (control) dried at an air temperature of 70 °C velocity 1.5 m/s. According to the results pre-treatment trials, drying time was found be minimum 121 min 5 dipping reach safe moisture content 10% ...

Critical Care [1]. In the issue of pharmacodynamics of β-lactams we missed a particular subject: allergy, subtle but sometimes important in intensive and critical care units since clinicians usually manage patients labelled as 'allergic' without having been studied and based only on clinical history [2]. Th is creates a health resource problem and leads to use alternative treatments in most cas...