Abstract As the most widely used reliable transport in today’s Internet, TCP has been extensively studied in the past decade. However, previous research usually only considers a small or medium number of concurrent TCP connections. The TCP behavior under many competing TCP flows has not been sufficiently explored. In this paper we use extensive simulations to investigate the individual and aggr...

TCP trunking is a novel way of applying TCP congestion control to bandwidth management of aggregate traffic. This is accomplished by setting up a separate TCP connection to probe network congestion, and then using the TCP connection’s congestion control to regulate the bandwidth usage of the aggregate traffic. TCP trunking offers several advantages in managing bandwidth of aggregate traffic. It...

Critical infrastructure (CI), such as energy and water distribution systems, is essential for the stability well-being of modern society. Industrial automation control systems (IACSs) form backbone CIs enable operation in a safe reliable manner. However, with increasing use industrial Ethernet communication protocols, Modbus-over-TCP (Modbus/TCP), once air-gapped IACSs are becoming vulnerable t...

Background: Bone tissue engineering requires materials that are biocompatible, mechanically suited for bone function, integrated with the host skeleton, and support osteoinduction of the implanted cells for new bone formation. The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic potential of xenograft with hydroxyapatite/β- tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) scaffold. Methods: New Zealand rabbits (...

Abstract Introduction: Achievement of new drugs with minimal side effects is a important goal in the cancer treatment due to irreversible side effects of conventional drugs. Tricalcium phosphates as natural bone components have unique characteristics including excellent biocompatibility, high biosorption and superior bioactivity. This research aimed at investigating the inhibitory effect of tr...

We present icTCP, an “information and control” TCP implementation that exposes key pieces of internal TCP state and allows certain TCP variables to be set in a safe fashion. The primary benefit of icTCP is that it enables a variety of TCP extensions to be implemented at user-level while ensuring that extensions are TCP-friendly. We demonstrate the utility of icTCP through a collection of case s...

Transmission control protocol (TCP) was originally designed for fixed networks to provide the reliability of the data delivery. The improvement of TCP performance was also achieved with different types of networks with introduction of new TCP variants. However, there are still many factors that affect performance of TCP. Mobility is one of the major affects on TCP performance in wireless networ...

Large file transfers have become common with the increasing demand for bandwidth-intensive Internet applications. The transmission control protocol with adaptive delay and loss response algorithm (TCPADaLR) was proposed to improve TCP performance in the presence of large propagation delays and error losses. In this paper, we analyze the effect of transfer file size on the TCP-ADaLR performance ...

It is well known that TCP does not fully utilize the available bandwidth in fast long-distance networks. Several high speed transport protocols have been proposed in an effort to solve this scalability problem. This paper proposes S-shaped TCP (SS-TCP). The window growth function of SS-TCP is, in the steady state, S-shaped, and it can be divided into three regions. In region I, the window growt...