The study of teachers’ pedagogical knowledge base (PKB) to discover how teachers think and work is attracting increasing attention in ELT. Against this background, the present study aimed at probing the likely variations in EFL teachers’ pedagogical knowledge base as a function of their teaching license status. To this aim, six teachers (two standard-licensed, two alternatively-licensed, and tw...

National curriculum standards call for mean' ingful teaching and learning that are developmentally appro priate and that help all students reach proficiency not only in basic skills but also in higher order thinking skills and real world application of skills. Service-learning (SL) is among recommendations from educators for including real-world experiences into students* education. The paucity...

Beliefs have been identified as an affect on the psychology of mathematics education. Additionally, representations play a paramount role in teaching and learning. However, few studies examined prospective teachers' beliefs their relationship to problem-solving. The purpose this study is examine solving word problems review from gender differences. This involves 103 college students education d...