This special issue is the first in any journal to deal exclusively with the auditing of medical terminologies and ontologies. In the early stages of many emerging technical fields, the emphasis is primarily on creating systems that work. The emphasis eventually shifts to guaranteeing a high level of quality. In fact, two sure signs that a technical field is maturing are extensive activities reg...

Multi-level modeling of health information systems helps to separate the tasks of application developers from those of the domain experts. In the technical side, developers use the small and generic models and specifications to be implemented in systems. At runtime, information systems are driven by the knowledge models called archetypes created by domain experts using high-level tools. Such sy...

This paper presents a technique to deal with multiword nominal terminology in a computational Lexical Functional Grammar. This method treats multiword terms as single tokens by modifying the preprocessing stage of the grammar (tokenization and morphological analysis), which consists of a cascade of two-level finite-state automata (transducers). We present here how we build the transducers to ta...

Huge volumes of scientific databases and text collections are constantly becoming available, but their usefulness is at present hampered by their lack of uniformity and structure. There is therefore an overwhelming need for tools to facilitate the processing and discovery of technical terminology, in order to make processing of these resources more efficient. Both NLP and statistical techniques...

In the 1950s Margaret Masterman was a pioneer of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). Her research is mainly published in technical reports and was to some degree forgotten until Wilks published an edition of her work (Masterman, 2005). One of her ideas was to use Roget's Thesaurus (RT) as a tool for representing what she called "semantic transformations" (and wha...

In the absence of a single, standard, multipurpose terminology for representing medications, the HL7 Vocabulary Technical Committee has sought to develop a model for such terms in a way that will provide a unified method for representing them and supporting interoperability among various terminology systems. We evaluated the preliminary model by obtaining terms, represented in our model, from t...

The term “Gettier Case” is a technical term frequently applied to a wide array of thought experiments in contemporary epistemology. What do these cases have in common? It is said that they all involve a justified true belief which, intuitively, is not knowledge, due to a form of luck called “Gettiering.” While this very broad characterization suffices for some purposes, it masks radical diversi...

This paper describes the slowly evolving nature of large-scale terminologybased information infrastructures. The strategic aim of implementing standardized terminologies is to share and compare information within and across domain-specific and organizational boundaries. We are particularly interested in working classification systems focused on specific domains’ and classes, and even more speci...

Interoperable cross-border clinical data exchange is an ambitious goal with several challenges, the most prominent ones being the structural differences in the EHR standards and the different terminologies used for semantic encodings of the data elements used in the EHRs. In this article, we address the structural interoperability problem of the EHRs by adapting the UN/CEFACT Core Component Tec...

The article is devoted to the methodological aspects of urgent need preserve continuous evolution tree heritage and its cultural values over time. This based on international conventions, recommendations, conservation standards related fundamental tasks International Council Monuments Sites Interest (ICOMOS). intended for specialists students interested in conservation-restoration chemistry. pa...