At present, the method adapted to analyze the phase equilibrium properties of refrigerant mixtures is as follows: Firstly, based on some experimental data of· phase equilibrium, the interactire factor bet~een the mixed refrigerants can be derived by using a equation of stalL Second!~ the rapour and liquid phase equilibrium properties are predicted by combining the mixed rule with phase equilibr...

many research studies have been performed on forced convection (active) solar dryers for fruit and vegetables. a short survey of these showed that applying the forced convection solar dryer not only significantly reduced the drying time but also resulted in many improvements in the quality of the dried products. active indirect and mixed-mode thin layer solar drying experiments were conducted o...

In this study, a flexible optimization approach is introduced to design an optimal biocompatible solvent for an extractive fermentation process with cell-recycling. The optimal process/solvent design problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model in which performance requirements of the compounds are reflected in the objectives and the constraints. A flexible or fuzzy opti...

OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare liver function indices (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]) among males who work with lead, organic solvents, or both lead and organic solvents, under the permissible exposure limit (PEL). METHODS A total of 593 (out of 2,218) male workers who agreed to share their personal health informat...

The solubility of solutes in mixed solvents depends primarily on the solvation of the solutes or their constituent ions by the components of the solvent mixtures. Complications may arise if different crystal solvates are formed or if solute-solute interactions are appreciable. In their absence the standard molar Gibbs energies of solution measure the corresponding quantities of solvation, ASOIV...

While the Stokes-Einstein (SE) equation predicts that the diffusion coefficient of a solute will be inversely proportional to the viscosity of the solvent, this relation is commonly known to fail for solutes, which are the same size or smaller than the solvent. Multiple researchers have reported that for small solutes, the diffusion coefficient is inversely proportional to the viscosity to a fr...

A rapid headspace single-drop microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SDME-GC-MS) for the analysis of the volatile compounds in Herba Asari was developed in this study. The extraction solvent, extraction temperature and time, sample amount, and particle size were optimized. A mixed solvent of n-tridecane and butyl acetate (1 : 1) was finally used for the extraction with sample amo...

The present experimental investigation was carried out in order to explore the possible thermodynamic and interactions studies of D(+) fructose with mixed solvent of aqueous alkali metal halides at different molalities and constant temperature. Experimental values of densities and ultrasonic velocities were carried out of the ternary mixture solution D(+)fructose with aqueous NaCl ,KCl , MgCl2 ...

Solid–liquid equilibria in mixed electrolyte aqueous solution have been investigated using available thermodynamic data for solids and for aqueous electrolyte solutions. The mean spherical approximation (MSA) modified by Lu et al. [Fluid Phase Equilib. 85 (1993) 81] is used to calculate the mean ionic activity coefficients in mixed electrolyte solutions at saturation conditions. Solid–liquid eq...

The structure of ferricytochrome c' from Rhodospirillum molischianum has been crystallographically refined to 1.67 A resolution using a combination of reciprocal space and restrained least-squares refinement methods. The final crystallographic R-factor for 30,533 reflections measured with I greater than sigma (I) between infinity and 1.67 A is 0.188. The final model incorporates 1944 unique pro...