The key factor for sustainable development is the transformation of energy sector through growth investments in environmentally friendly electricity. Its consumption emerging market and developing countries will grow about three times faster than advanced economies, low cost wind solar power should make them preferred technologies to meet growing demand if infrastructure regulatory frameworks a...

A newly coal gangue-based geopolymer concrete made from alkaline dry powder activator, gangue, and fly ash has been proposed by the authors. High-temperature behavior of beams with different cross sections reinforced steel bars is investigated in work here. numerical simulation validated existing experiment. analysing section dimensions. Temperature distribution deformation room temperature to ...

Illusory contours are perceived in the absence of any real physical luminance gradients between inducers that are spatially discontinuous (Fig. 1a,b).1–3 It has been controversial whether the perception of these subjective contours arise from higher level cognitive mechanisms that depend on attention and serial search4–6 or from lower level parallel processing in the early automatic, preattenti...

Half-space depth (also called Tukey depth or location depth) is one of the most commonly studied data depth measures because it possesses many desirable properties for data depth functions. The data depth contours bound regions of increasing depth. For the sample case, there are two competing definitions of contours: the rank-based contours and the cover-based contours. In this paper, we presen...

BACKGROUND Heat transfer enhancement technology concerns with the aim of developing more efficient systems to satisfy the increasing demands of many applications in the fields of automotive, aerospace, electronic and process industry. A solution for obtaining efficient cooling systems is represented by the use of confined or unconfined impinging jets. Moreover, the possibility of increasing the...

Surface reconstruction from contours is an important problem especially in medical applications. Other uses include reconstruction from topographic data, or isosurface generation in general. The drawback of existing reconstruction algorithms from contours is, that they are relatively complicated and often have numerical problems. Furthermore, algorithms to generate multiresolution surface model...

Prolonged inspection of uniformly moving contours affects differentially the luminance threshold for the detection of test contours as a function of the direction of motion of the test contours. This finding supports a new explanation of the well-known aftereffect.