A number of new ferrocene-pi-extended-dithiafulvalenes were successfully synthesized as new electron donor compounds. The chemical structures and electrochemical behaviors of these compounds were investigated using several spectroscopic methods. The synthesis of these compounds was achieved using the modified Wittig-Horner cross-coupling reaction using n-BuLi/THF at temperature varies from -78 ...

A modification of the Angstroem's method for measurement of thermal diffusivity is presented. The Angstroem's method relies upon the steady-periodic propagation of temperature waves along the specimen. The diffusivity is recovered from combination of phase shift and amplitude decay of the waves, measured by infrared thermography, under the hypothesis of virtually semi-infinite specimen, that is...

This paper studies the internal wave band of temperature fluctuation spectra in the coastal zone of Pacific ocean. It is observed that on the central Mexican Pacific Shelf in the high-frequency band of temperature spectra the spectral exponent tends to ∼ω−1 at the time of spring tide and ω−2 at the time of neap tide. On the western shelf of the Japan/East Sea, in the ≪ω≪N∗ range, where N∗ is t...

Hypothermia is a condition wherein the body temperature drops below 35°C when an individual is unconscious. In prolonged moderate hypothermia (28–32°C), progressive drops in the pulse rate and increases in atrial and ventricular arrhythmia and Osborn waves are observed in electrocardiography (ECG). Unconsciously, staying outside for an extended time in extreme cold is the most important cause o...

We explore a mechanism, entirely new to the fast solar wind, of electron heating by lower hybrid waves to explain the shift to higher charge states observed in various elements in the fast wind at 1 A.U. relative to the original coronal hole plasma. This process is a variation on that previously discussed for two temperature accretion flows by Begelman & Chiueh. Lower hybrid waves are generated...

Alpine plants are considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate change and related extreme episodes, such as heat waves. Despite growing interest in the impact of heat waves on alpine plants, knowledge about their effects on regeneration is still fragmentary. Recruitment from seeds will be crucial for the successful migration and survival of these species and will play a key role in their...

Heat waves are projected to become more frequent, longer-lasting, and intense. At the same time, urban areas are confronted with the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, which adds to the thermal stress experienced during hot spells. Focusing on the Paris area during the hot summer of 2003, we investigated the influence of heat waves on UHI intensity, i.e., the urban-rural temperature contrast. ...

BACKGROUND There is limited evidence for the impacts of heat waves on coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in Beijing, capital city of China. OBJECTIVES We aimed to find a best heat wave definition for CHD mortality; and explore the characteristic of heat wave effects on CHD in Beijing, China. METHODS We obtained daily data on weather and CHD mortality in Beijing for years 2000-2011. A qu...

slurries of rice-straw cellulose (obtained by delignification and removal of hemicelluloses from the powdered raw material) were subjected to ultrasonic waves at different intensities for various times (constant temperature). susceptibility of the samples to cellulose-hydrolysis increased initially with pretreatment time, reaching a maximum or a constant level thereafter. maximum glucose yield ...