Most of today’s software systems are large-scaled and have to manage manifold demands. To ease their development, reusable and proven architectural building blocks, for example architectural patterns, are often composed to the desired architecture. Building blocks are specified by their structure and behaviour. Additionally, each architectural building block has specific properties which are in...

|Understanding the high-level structure of a software system is useful for determining the impact of proposed changes. In this paper, we investigate techniques for recovering the high-level structure, or software architecture, for cases in which no trusted architectural description exists. We then demonstrate how a scenario-based approach to architectural evaluation can be used to document the ...

iranian traditional cities were created with a system based on experiments and gradual establishment of society through time. qajar era is especially important in iranian art history. until mid qajar era, iranian cities’s architecture mainly took benefit of its common traditional architecture that is already seen in most desert-surrounding cities. till this era, there was not any connection bet...

The structure-in-5 is a model from organization theory used to describe the internal structure of an organization. Since multi-agent systems (MAS) can be structured as organizations of agents, this paper adopts and experiments the structure-in-5 for the design of MAS architectures. We describe the structure-in5 as an organizational pattern, model it in terms of social and intentional concepts u...

We provide techniques to help vendors, independent testing agencies, and others verify critical security properties in direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines. We rely on specific hardware functionality, isolation, and architectural decision to allow one to easily verify these critical security properties; we believe our techniques will help us verify other properties as well. Verific...

For large-scale software-development endeavors, agility is enabled by architecture, and vice versa. The iterative, risk-driven life cycle inherent in agile approaches allows developers to focus early on key architectural decisions, spread these decisions over time, and validate architectural solutions early. Conversely, an early focus on architecture allows a large agile project to define an im...