Inter-specific interactions are important drivers and maintainers of biodiversity. Compared to trophic and competitive interactions, the role of non-trophic facilitation among species has received less attention. Cavity-nesting bees nest in old beetle borings in dead wood, with restricted diameters corresponding to the body size of the bee species. The aim of this study was to test the hypothes...

In this research, the effect of wood species and particle size on mechanicalproperties of wood plastic composites (WPC) made of fir (Abies alba) and beech(Fagus orientalis L.) sawdust and high density polyethylene (HDPE) wereinvestigated. Wood plastic composite (WPC) were made with 30% HDPE in abatch process at 185˚C, at two particle sizes of 40 mesh and 80 mesh. Maleicanhydride polypropylene (...

Assessing the potential for forest carbon (C) capture and storage requires accurate assessments of C in live tree tissues. In the vast majority of local, regional, and global assessments, C content has been assumed to be 50% of tree biomass; however, recent studies indicate that this assumption is not accurate, with substantial variation in C content among tree species as well as among tissue t...

a survey was conducted to identify the fungus gnats (diptera: mycetophilidae) in kermanshah province (west of iran) during 2010-2011. the specimens were collected from nine different localities. adults were reared from the fruiting bodies of agaric fungi. five species are recorded for the first time from iran: mycetophila strigatoides (lundrock), allodia ornaticollis (meigen), rymosia pseudocre...

Four species of wood inhabiting cup fungi belonging to order Helotiales are reported for the first time in Iran. Species are described and illustrated with photographs and drawings. Three genera Arachnopeziza, Hymenoscyphus and Lachnum are new records for Iran.

Tricholoma matsutake (pine mushroom, PM) is a prized mushroom in Asia due to its unique flavor and pine aroma. The fruiting body of PM forms only in its natural habitat (pine forest), and little is known regarding the natural conditions required for successful generation of the fruiting bodies in this species. Recent studies suggest that microbial interactions may be associated with the growth ...

the larval feeding preference and damage potential of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) on promising cotton genotypes/hybrid were studied during 2004 under laboratory and field conditions at ccs haryana agricultural university, hisar, haryana, india. third and fifth instar larvae were allowed to feed on different types of fruiting body (squares, flowers and young bolls) of various genotypes/hybrid ...

Mating-type genes in fungi encode regulators of mating and sexual development. Heterothallic ascomycete species require different sets of mating-type genes to control nonself-recognition and mating of compatible partners of different mating types. Homothallic (self-fertile) species also carry mating-type genes in their genome that are essential for sexual development. To analyze the molecular b...