The indoor light environment of the building has an extremely important influence on its own use function, and there are many factors that affect building, such as surrounding interior decoration design window. window is used envelope. An part structure responsible for lighting ventilation meet requirements environment. It exists a device building. performance windows not only meets people?s li...

By taking full advantage of the dynamic property imposed by the detailed balance condition, we derive a new refined unified fluctuation theorem (FT) for general stochastic thermodynamic systems. This FT involves the joint probability distribution functions of the final phase-space point and a thermodynamic variable. Jarzynski equality, Crooks fluctuation theorem, and the FTs of heat as well as ...

Statistical thermodynamics provides a powerful theoretical framework for analyzing, understanding and predicting the conformational properties of biomolecules. The central quantity is the potential of mean force or effective energy as a function of conformation, which consists of the intramolecular energy and the solvation free energy. The intramolecular energy can be reasonably described by mo...

An effort is made to introduce thermodynamic and statistical thermodynamic methods into the treatment of nonphysical (e.g., social, economic, etc.) systems. Emphasis is placed on the use of the entire thermodynamic framework, not merely entropy. Entropy arises naturally, related in a simple manner to other measurables, but does not occupy a primary position in the theory. However, the maximum e...

Our most complete results concern the Ising spin system with purely ferromagnetic interactions in a magnetic field H (or the corresponding lattice gas model with fugacity z = const. exp(—2 m H β) where m is the magnetic moment of each spin). We show that, in the limit of an infinite lattice, (i) the free energy per site and the distribution functions ne(x19 . . .,xs; β,z) are analytic in the tw...

One of the important challenges facing high resolution molecular dynamics calculations is to reproduce biological functions that occur in the macroscopic world and involve macroscopic variables. Some of these functions can be well described by reduced models, with few parameters, over a wide range of conditions, even though the functions are complex. We are all eager to see how molecular dynami...

In this note we present numerical simulations of binary mixtures and we find indications for a thermodynamic transition to a glassy phase. We find that below the transition point the off equilibrium correlation functions and response functions seems to be asymptotically compatible with the relations that were originally derived Cugliandolo Kurchan for generalized spin glasses.

We construct, using fermionic functional integrals, thermodynamic Green's functions for a weakly coupled fermion gas whose Fermi energy lies in a gap. Estimates on the Green's functions are obtained that are characteristic of the size of the gap. This prepares the way for the analysis of single scale renormalization group maps for a system of fermions at temperature zero without a gap.

The generating functional of correlation functions for theXXZ spin chain is considered in the thermodynamic limit. We derive a system of integro-difference equations that prescribe this functional. On the basis of this system we establish the operator-valued Riemann–Hilbert problem for correlation functions of the XXZ spin chain.