OBJECTIVE To study activin signaling and its blockade in sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) through translational studies and a randomized controlled trial. METHODS We measured transforming growth factor β signaling by SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in muscle biopsies of 50 patients with neuromuscular disease (17 with sIBM). We tested inhibition of activin receptors IIA and IIB (ActRII) in 14 p...

Musculoskeletal system is rarely involved by hydatid cyst,the larval form of Echinococcus Granulosus. A 37-year old man was diagnosed as having a cystic mass within his left thigh musculature. Preoperative computerized tomography suggested an unusual location of echinococcus although serology could not confirm the diagnosis. During surgery, a white coloured cyst within left vastus lateralis mus...

Surgical excision was performed on a 30-years old woman with a painful mass on her left thigh. The pathologic findings on the mass indicated fibromatosis. After the operation, she complained of allodynia and spontaneous pain at the operation site and ipsilateral lower leg. We treated her based on postoperative femoral neuropathy, but symptom was aggravated. We found a large liposarcoma in her l...

BACKGROUND Preclinical studies strongly suggest that accelerated apoptosis in skeletal myocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. However, evidence in humans is sparse. In the present study, we investigated whether apoptotic signaling in the skeletal muscle was associated with indices of muscle mass and function in older persons. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Community-dwell...

An increase in femoral and tibio/fibular bone mass following periosteal membrane stimulation by Moloney sarcoma virus inoculation into thigh muscles of mice was measured in situ on formalin fixed excised hind limbs using a Hologic 4500A Fan Beam X-ray bone densitometer adapted for small bone samples. These results were verified by measurements of constant dry bone mass of the same bones liberat...

OBJECTIVE To investigate changes in body composition after 12 months of high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) in relation to changes in insulin resistance (IR) or glucose homeostasis in older adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS One-hundred three participants were randomized to receive either PRT or sham exercise 3 days per week for 12 months. Homeostasis mo...

Little is known about the relationship among training, energy expenditure, muscle volume, and fitness in prepubertal girls. Because physical activity is high in prepubertal children, we hypothesized that there would be no effect of training. Forty pre- and early pubertal (mean age 9.1 +/- 0.1 yr) nonobese girls enrolled in a 5 day/wk summer school program for 5 wk and were randomized to control...

BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for disability, but risk of specific adipose depots is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE We investigated associations between mobility limitation, performance, and the following adipose measures: body mass index (BMI) and areas and densities of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) in ol...

introduction: malignant tumors of the parotid gland account scarcely for 5% of all head and neck tumors. most of these neoplasms have a high tendency for recurrence, local infiltration, perineural extension, and metastasis. although uncommon, these malignant tumors require complex surgical treatment sometimes involving a total parotidectomy including a complete facial nerve resection. severe fu...

Spaceflight and bed rest (BR) result in loss of muscle mass and strength. This study evaluated the effectiveness of resistance training and vibration-augmented resistance training to preserve thigh (quadriceps femoris) and calf (triceps surae) muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), isometric contractile speed, and neural activation (electromyogram) dur...