We present a solution for identification and reduction of malicious conduct by Trusted Third parties (TTPs) in Secure Multiparty Computing Protocol. This paper also proposes a secured protocol for computation and defines encryption to be performed before sending inputs for computation. Our protocol uses eenvelopes for sharing keys between parties and TTPs. This key sharing is done on the basis ...

“abstraction principle” means separation between two obligations incommercial instruments: underlying obligation and documentary obligationthat created by drawing these documents. the main effect of this principle isthat objections related to first obligation, cannot be claim in second; wherethere is a third party. to obtain a real and comprehensive perspective of thisprinciple in iranian law, ...

Third-party punishment refers to an individual’s disposition punish wrongdoers who have not directly harmed them. It appears be unique humans and culturally universal. Although this behavioral tendency in adults has been well documented, its ontogeny remains unresolved controversial. In review, I present overview of the developmental literature on third-party intervention or provide insights in...