Abstract Following Robert Adams's account of idolatry, this paper develops the concept epistemic idolatry. Where there is devotion belonging to truth but given a particular good, we find With in hand, motivationalist virtue epistemologists gain two theoretical advantages: their list defective motives can include intellectual motivation excess without implausible claim that, intellectually, one ...

distinct target of this paper is development of 'implicit discrete element method (dem)' in three dimensions for estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations on layered (non-homogeneous) soils consisting of sand overlying sand or clay overlying sand and vice versa with different shear resisting parameters. in this method, shear resisting parameters and density of ea...