Background: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. It often the primary process in which gland produces insufficient amounts can also be secondary, i.e., lack hormone secretion due to failure either adequate thyrotropin (TSH) pituitary or thyrotropin-releasing (TRH) hypothalamus (secondary tertiary hypothyroidism). The patient's appearance may vary...

I. Cell Proliferation in Normal Thyroid Tissue In Vivo ............................................... A. Physiological situation ........................................................................... B. Growth under stimulatory conditions ........................................................... C. Coordination between various thyroid cell types ............................................

The partial purification of beef thyrotropin with the cation exchangers Amberlite IRC-50 (2, 3) and carboxymethyl (CM) cellulose (3, 4) has been previously reported. The preceding paper (5) describes the rechromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose of thyrotropin preparations assaying 20 U.S.P. units per mg which resulted in fractions apparently containing only those glycoproteins wit...

The electrical stimulation of a specific hypothalamic area rapidly evokes attacks in rats. Noteworthy, attack-related hypothalamic structures were identified in all species studied so far. The area has been extensively mapped in rats, and its anatomical connections have been studied in detail. However, technical difficulties precluded earlier the precise identification of the neural elements me...

OBJECTIVES To analyze, compare, and contrast tear composition in healthy nonsmokers, smokers who were otherwise healthy, and patients with Graves disease (GD) accompanied by Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) of varying severity. METHODS Reflex tears were collected using Schirmer strips from 37 healthy nonsmokers, 33 otherwise healthy smokers, 51 patients with GD, and 85 patients with GO. Thyrotropin...

BACKGROUND Thyroid gland dysfunction has been reported to occur with variable frequency during interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) therapy in patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). We prospectively evaluated if the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with HCV differs from that in patients with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) before, at the end of, and 6 months after stopping treatment ...

Radioimmunoassay of thyrotropin (TSH) is well-established, and highly sensitive radioimmunometric assay is often used clinically (1). Some recent results indicate that TSH immunoreactivity and bioactivity are not always synonymous (2). The detection limit of present bioassays for bovine TSH is about 0.5-1 milli-int. unit/L (3-6). More-sensitive bioassay is necessary for evaluating human TSH. Th...

Thyrotropin is the primary hormone that, via one heptahelical receptor, regulates thyroid cell functions such as secretion, specific gene expression, and growth. In human thyroid, thyrotropin receptor activation leads to stimulation of the adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C cascades. However, the G proteins involved in thyrotropin receptor action have been only partially defined. In membranes...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate urinary iodine excretion during the course of pregnancy and postpartum in relation to maternal and neonatal thyroid function parameters in Saudi women living in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on Saudi normal pregnant women during the course of pregnancy (N=80), at term and 6-10 weeks postpartum (N=65), during the p...