OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) compared with best supportive care (BSC) in pre-treated advanced melanoma patients. METHODS The analysis was based on a US payer perspective and lifetime time horizon. A three-state Markov model was developed representing clinical outcomes, quality-of-life, and healthcare resource use of patients treated with ipilimumab and ...

a new mathematical model for the optimal production isformulated for the inventory management system under time-varyingand stochastic inflation environment for deteriorating items. the timehorizon is finite and demand rate is dependent to the inflation. in thereal situation, some but not all customers will wait for backlogged itemsduring a shortage period, such as for fashionable commodities or...

This paper addresses a linear finite-horizon robust optimal H∞ analysis problem, where the system matrices and the system initial conditions (ICs, x0) are concurrently uncertain, both in a polytopic manner. Current finite-horizon H∞ analysis practice assumes x0 ∈R ; that is, allows infinite ICs uncertainty. This assumption is unrealistically conservative, and incompatible with the prevalent rob...

gadamer considers understanding as an event which is the result of the fusion of horizon of interpreter and horizon of the text. from his point of view, understanding has a fundamental connection with the concept of horizon and in fact horizon is the central point in the process of understanding. horizon for nietzsche is a limiting concept which is not able to be transitive. husserl draws his a...

We address the issue of hedging in in nite horizon markets under cone constraints on the number of shares of assets. We show that the minimum cost of hedging a liability stream is equal to its largest present value with respect to admissible stochastic discount factors, thus can be determined without nding an optimal hedging strategy. We develop an algorithm by which an optimal portfolio in one...

This note discusses the peridynamic horizon (the nonlocal region around a material point), its role, and practical use in modeling. The objective is to eliminate some misunderstandings and misconceptions regarding the peridynamic horizon. An example of crack branching in a nominally brittle material (homalite) is addressed and we show that crack branching takes place without wave interaction. W...

This paper is concerned with a generalization of classical inventory models (with xed ordering costs) that exhibit (s; S) policies. In our model, the distribution of demands in successive periods is dependent on a Markov chain. The model includes the case of cyclic or seasonal demand. The model is further extended to incorporate some other realistic features such as no ordering periods and stor...

We consider the effects of the Faddeev-Popov determinant in the Coulomb gauge on the confinement properties of the QCD vacuum. We show that the the determinant is needed to regularize the otherwise divergent functional integrals near the Gribov horizon but still enables large field configurations to generate IR enhanced running coupling. The physical gluon propagator is found to be strongly sup...