The study was carried out in 1998 in two rural desert districts namely, Barmer and Bikanpr of Rajasthan where the consumption of opium or doda is very much prevalent due to social and cultural customs in the area. The median age of the addicts was 41.1 years. The mean age of the opium/ doda addiction, the mean age at marriage, mean age at effective marriage and duration of consumption of opium ...

Ramlal, a Choubey, aged 30 years well formed, was admitte into the Dumraon Raj Hospital on the 2nd May, 1883, for com" pound fracture of the left radius, received by a fall from a man" goe tree, about 16 feet high. The lower end of the upper fragment protruded through the skin, making a puncture of about ^ inch long, about an inch above the wrist. Slight venous bleeding continued. The protruded...

of opium. Indeed, there can be few (if any) officials in authority, either in India or China, having, or who could be reasonably expected to possess, more than a very general impression regarding the subject. Yet, in many districts in India, the use of opium is as common as in China itself. On the other hand, there are numerous medical officers, who, from personal experience and observation, of...

It is hard to decide when and where the opium poppy was first cultivated. It may have been grown for its seeds before people discovered how to prepare mekonion from the leaves and fruits of the plant or opium (from "opos," the Greek word for juice) from the liquid that appears on the unripe seed capsule when it is notched. The use of written records to decipher the early history of opium use an...

BACKGROUND Given the paucity of data on possible testis changes in opioid dependents, we sought to compare the testis volumes between a group of opium dependents and a group of healthy controls. OBJECTIVE Comparison of testis volume between opium dependents and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study recruited 100 men with opium dependency (cases) and 100 healthy men...

BACKGROUND Use of narcotic or "recreational" drugs has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery. However, the associations might be confounded by other factors related to high-risk behaviours. This is the first study to investigate the association between traditional opium use during pregnancy and risk of preterm delivery. METHOD AND FINDINGS We performed a pop...

OBJECTIVE: During recent years, opium consumption has increased among Iranian diabetic men. The belief that opium consumption can control or even eradicate DM is increasing. This study was conducted to compare the blood sugar, HbA1c, lipid profile and the frequency of diabetes complications in male type II diabetic patient with and without opium consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred t...

BACKGROUND To determine the effect of opium smoking cessation on the frequency and type of microorganisms in the nasopharynx of opium smokers. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study performed in psychology and ENT department of Moradi Hospital of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2008 (Kerman, Iran). Nasopharyngeal cultures were taken from 50 opium smokers before and 2 to 3 months...

OBJECTIVES Smoking opium/cigarette is a global health concern. The aim of this study was to examine learning and memory of rat male offsprings whose mothers had been exposed to either opium or morphine with nicotine during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were used for the experiments. In the female rats, opium, morphine and nicotine dependencies were induced by daily injections o...