Human lens membranes contain the highest cholesterol content of any known biological membrane. Although cholesterol is prone to oxidation, the presence of its oxidation products in human cataract has not been shown before. This study was designed to investigate the presence of cholesterol oxides in human cataractous lenses. Human clear lenses (n = 48) were obtained from Coimbra University Hospi...

In this paper the ensemble of codes formed by a serial concatenation of a repetition code with multiple accumulators connected through random interleavers is considered. Based on finite length weight enumerators for these codes, asymptotic expressions for the minimum distance and an arbitrary number of accumulators larger than one are derived using the uniform interleaver approach. In accordanc...

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, its GFP variants (Aequorea GFPs), and more recently the novel GFP-like proteins from Anthozoa have greatly advanced our technologies for fluorescently labeling cells, organelles, and proteins. It has been shown, however, that some GFP-like proteins have a tendency to oligomerize and aggregate. Transfection of GFP-like protein...

In this paper, we present a coding theorem for the ensemble of Generalized Repeat Accumulate (GRA m) codes. These codes are the serial concatenation of a terminated convolutional code and m interleaved rate-1 accumulatee codes. This theorem generalizes the results of 1] and 2] by considering outer codes with d f ree = 2 and multiple accumulatee codes. For outer codes with d f ree ≥ 2, it proves...