Objective: Micronuclei are induced in cells by a variety of substances, like UV radiation, infrared rays, X-radiations, and chemicals. Among them tobacco- specific nitrosamines have been reported to be potent mutagenic agents which are thought to be responsible for the induction of chromosomal aberrations resulting in production of micronuclei. The main aim of our study is to compare MN frequen...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether development of smokeless tobacco products (SLT) is intended to target current smokers. METHODS This study analysed internal tobacco industry documents to describe research related to the smokeless tobacco market. Relevant documents included those detailing the development and targeting of SLT products with a particular emphasis on moist snuff. RESULTS Cigare...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES India is a large country with each State having distinct social, cultural and economic characteristics. Tobacco epidemic is not uniform across the country. There are wide variations in tobacco consumption across age, sex, regions and socio-economic classes. This study was conducted to understand the wide inequalities in patterns of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumpti...

Tobacco is an illicit product sold in the world and involves fatal communicable diseases deaths. In several countries, tobacco revenue contributes to health of victims. This study aimed evaluate contribution taxes financing system Democratic Republic Congo (DRC) during period 3 years (from 2019 2021) order give some suggestions. A descriptive literature review on tax was conducted from three co...

Despite recent declines in cigarette smoking prevalence, the tobacco product landscape has shifted to include emerging tobacco products* (1,2). Previous research has documented adult use of smokeless tobacco and cigarettes by state (3); however, state-specific data on other tobacco products are limited. To assess tobacco product use in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC), CDC a...

Abstract A successive 2-year (2019 and 2020) field experiment was conducted in northern Bangladesh (Rangpur district) to observe the status of soil quality heavy metal risk due tobacco cultivation this area. Soil samples were collected randomly from four major sub-districts Sadar, Badargonj, Gangachara, Mithapukur Upazila) where a non-cultivating rests tobacco-growing fields. Along with concent...

OBJECTIVES To assess public attitudes toward the tobacco industry and its products, and to identify predictors of attitudes supportive of tobacco industry denormalisation. DESIGN Population based, cross sectional survey. SETTING Ontario, Canada. SUBJECTS Adult population (n = 1607). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Eight different facets of tobacco industry denormalisation were assessed. A denorma...

Tobacco consumption in multiple forms presents an emerging, significant and growing threat to the health of Indian adolescents, especially those from low socio-economic communities. Research in two phases was undertaken among economically disadvantaged adolescents in two urban slums of Delhi. In phase I, qualitative research methods such as focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were u...

background molecular farming is the production of important recombinant proteins in transgenic organisms on an agricultural scale. interferons are proteins with antiviral and antitumor activities and can be used for viral infections and cancers treatments. objectives this study reports the transformation of inf α2b gene in tobacco plant for the first time in iran. materials and methods interfer...

a begomovirus, tentatively named tobacco leaf curl japan virus-jpu (tblcjv-jpu), was isolated from lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) plants grown in utsunomiya showing veinal chlorosis symptoms. the tblcjv-jpu genome with 2,761 nt showed a highest identity with tblcjv-jp3 and was also close to tblcjv and as well to tblcjv-jp2. the overall nt identity with tblcjv-jp3 amounted to 92.94%, while the ...