Although there appears to be some evidence to suggest that the concentration of CO2 in the soil may have A model that couples the diffusion of O2 to plant roots at the an effect on plant growth, the major effect of poor microscale to diffusion of O2 through the soil at the macroscale is derived. The solution is complex, but if the length scales (Zr and Zm; aeration on plant growth is the lack o...

The state of compactness is an important soil structure and quality attribute, and there is a need to ®nd a parameter for its characterization that gives directly comparable values for all soils. The use of some relative bulk density value for this purpose, particularly the degree of compactness (HaÊkansson, 1990), is discussed in this review. The degree of compactness has been de®ned as the dr...

Earthquake and its catastrophic failures has been one of the disturbance worry of Civil Engineers. In geotechnical science, liquefaction is one of the most important phenomenons induced by earthquake. A change in pore water pressure follows a change in effective stress, and in a critical state in which pore water pressure equals the total stress in soil particles, soil strength is suddenly lost...

The effect of poultry waste application on physicochemical and biological properties of sandy clay loam soil was investigated on a 7m X 7m plot of land. Plot was divided into four portions and 7.5kg each of broiler, cockerel and layers waste was applied to plot A, B, and C in slurry form while plot D was used as control(no application) for eight weeks with two weeks interval. After the fourth a...

Recent studies suggest the long-standing discrepancy between measured and modeled leaf litter decomposition in drylands is, in part, the result of a unique combination of abiotic drivers that include high soil surface temperature and radiant energy levels and soil-litter mixing. Temperature and radiant energy effects on litter decomposition have been widely documented. However, under field cond...

[1] Methane (CH4) emissions from wetland ecosystems in nothern high latitudes provide a potentially positive feedback to global climate warming. Large uncertainties still remain in estimating wetland CH4 emisions at regional scales. Here we develop a statistical model of CH4 emissions using an artificial neural network (ANN) approach and field observations of CH4 fluxes. Six explanatory variabl...

Compacted soil has lower water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity, which contributes to increased runoff and erosion on slopes. The aim of the present study was to assess runoff and sediment on three skidding trail longitudinal gradients (15%, 25%, and 35%) and different levels of machine traffic (low, medium, and high), over a two-year period following the impact in the Hyrcanian forest, ...

Solving traction force and energy consumption problem in crop production, the use of strategically selected bioproducts can change physical properties soil influence changes during tillage technological operations. The aim this work was to investigate different biopreparations on soil, winter wheat residues machine shallow tillage. In spring, after resumption vegetation, seven their mixtures we...