Species distribution models (SDMs) are widespread in ecology and conservation biology, but their accuracy can be lowered by non-environmental (noisy) absences that are common in species occurrence data. Here we propose an iterative ensemble modelling (IEM) method to deal with noisy absences and hence improve the predictive reliability of ensemble modelling of species distributions. In the IEM a...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the lack of knowledge of toxic agents in households is a risk factor for individual unintentional childhood poisoning. METHODS The case group (n = 25) was composed of caregivers of children under 60 months of age who underwent accidental oral poisoning and were treated at two reference hospitals in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, and recorded in the Toxicology ...

This chapter will summarize the historical development of geology and in particular the development of the modern uniformitarian view of the geological record and the millions-of-years time-scale. The important proponents of old-earth thinking (including Werner, Smith, Hutton, Cuvier, and Lyell) along with some of the opponents of this view as it was developing (the scriptural geologists) will ...

We study a general equilibrium model with a housing market to understand the role of credit access among borrowers and show that an adverse financial shock can increase the asymmetry in the housing wealth distribution of subprime and prime borrowers. Households with better credit access can take advantage of the low housing prices during recessions, especially when the subprimers are previously...

There are two clinical situations in which establishing the diagnosis of a toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter is more difficult. First, the autonomously functioning tissue may be sufficiently diffuse that it is difficult to differentiate a toxic multinodular goiter from Graves' disease by thyroid scintigraphy alone. When it is important to distinguish these disorders, a high serum conce...

Toxic epidermal necrolysis-like lesions have been described in the setting of lupus erythematosus, and have been considered as a specific hyperacute variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, with features different from classical drug-related toxic epidermal necrolysis. We report here a series of three patients with lupus erythematosus who presented with severe worsening of their cutaneous dise...

BACKGROUND Many authors have claimed that hyperthyroidism protects against thyroid cancer and believed that the incidence of malignancy is lower in patients with toxic multinodular goiter (TMG) than in those with non-toxic multinodular goiter. But in recent studies, it was reported that the incidence of malignancy with TMG is not as low as previously thought. AIM To compare the thyroid cancer...