A B S T R AC T This article deals with a transition process from a professional engineering archetype to a modernizing managerialist archetype in a British electricity utility. This took place in the context of the substantially changing utility sector characterized by privatization, the introduction of efficiency targets, the introduction of a regulatory system, the prospect of mergers and pre...

The medieval troubadours were no wandering musicians, casually improvising their songs as they strolled from town to town, but trained artists who lovingly crafted their songs to please and woo their listeners. The art of rhetoric deeply affected the art of the troubadour. First, the art of rhetoric divided composition of a speech into five well-defined parts. The troubadours consciously molded...

The NTSB’s use of rhetoric can provide us as rhetoricians, professional writers, and others with new insights into rhetoric as a persuasive tool. The NTSB relies wholly on its rhetoric to persuade those who have decision-making authority to follow its recommendations. In this paper, I will discuss how the NTSB provides new insights into the persuasiveness of documents from a bureaucratic organi...

Research on first language (L1) acquisition has shown that typically developing children acquire a large part of morpho-syntax by the age of 4 (Guasti, 2002). Similarly, studies investigating how children process morpho-syntactic information have revealed that by the same age, their processing routines do not differ from those used by adults (Clahsen & Felser, 2006). However, there is one struc...

This study investigated intonation of Japanese sentences spoken by Australian English speakers and the influence of their first language (L1) prosody on their intonation of Japanese sentences. The second language (L2) intonation is a complicated product of the L1 transfer at two levels of prosodic hierarchy: at word level and at phrase levels. L2 speech is hypothesized to retain the characteris...

a rhetoric method being used to show the purpose of a statement is assimilation of allegory; an assimilation whose resemblance is not out of an apparent and manifested affair and needs being paraphrased. holy quran and nahj al-balaghah which consist of the most rhetoric expressions, from critics’ point of view, use this method of illustration to describe the things that are beyond men’s underst...

purpose: this study aimed to identify and introduce the most important evaluation and production criteria of audio books based on users’ point of view.method: in terms of methodology, this study was among the quantitative studies and done with descriptive survey. the research instrument was researcher-made questionnaire. population was all users of audiolib website that used from audio books mo...

There has been little research on the acquisition of Spanish collocation, particularly concerning collocation combinations in a multilingual context. Therefore, this corpus-based study attempted to provide new insights for learning collocation. The questions are: (1) What are usage and error tendencies acquiring by learners L3 Spanish? (2) How do contrasts between learners’ prior languages (L1 ...

In the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA), the role of transfer has been theorized and studied to account for the influence of the native language on an interlanguage. However, stemming from behaviorist mentality, the concept of transfer has become widely associated with the direct transfer of habits and fails to take into consideration other cross-linguistic influences (CLI) that shape...

The present study examines transfer errors at the levels of phonetics and syntax in the interlanguage of 10 fourteen-year-old Basque/Spanish bilinguals who have been learning English for 7 years in a formal school context in the Basque Country. Analyses showed that learners display L1 effects in the acquisition of both English phonetics and syntax, even though phonetic transfer errors (replacem...