In this formulation, the objective function and operating constraints include the corona power-loss term. The objective function consists of three terms: cost of investment of new transmission lines, ohmic power loss of new and existing lines, and corona-power loss of new lines. This combination of terms results in a non-linear objective function. The non-linear programming or the non-convex op...

Transmission planning in a restructured electricity market becomes increasingly complicated. To bridge the gap between economic and engineering considerations, this survey paper suggests a framework to clarify the interactions among various economic and engineering issues by reviewing recent theoretical and practical progress in transmission investment and transmission planning methodology. Thu...

The abundance and size distribution of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) were monitored in the Kattegat (Denmark) during 1 yr. TEP number concentration ranged from 0.5 X 105 to 3.8 X 105 ml-' and the volume concentration between 3 and 310 ppm. TEP volume concentration peaked during the spring bloon~ and again during the summer period. The observed accun~ulation of TEP during summer is co...

INTRODUCTION Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR)decisions have traditionally formed the basis of ceiling of care discussions. However, poor quality discussions can lead to high patient and relative dissatisfaction, generating hospital complaints. Treatment escalation plans (TEPs) aim to highlight the wider remit of treatment options with a focus on effective communication. We aimed to improve T...

In this paper, the resilient-constrained generation and transmission expansion planning (RCGTEP) considering natural disasters such as earthquake flood is presented. The proposed model contains a two objective problem that first function minimizes construction operation costs of resiliency sources (RSs) and, in second function, minimization expected energy not supplied (EENS) due to outage syst...