This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in OEAS Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Repository Citation Schmidt, Matthew W. and Spero, Howard J., "Meridional Shifts in the Marine...

A regional atmospheric model is used to study the effects of the narrow and steep Andes on the eastern Pacific climate. In the Southern Hemisphere cold season (i.e., August–October 1999), the model reproduces key climatic features, including the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) north of the equator and an extensive low-level cloud deck capped by a temperature inversion to the south. Blocki...

Modern precipitation over northeastern (NE) South America is strongly controlled by the seasonal meridional migration of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Ample evidence from Northern Hemisphere suggests a mid- to late Holocene southward ITCZ. Such shift would be expected increase semi-arid northern NE Brazil (Southern Hemisphere). However, most robust record shows drying trend throughout ...

Over the last few years a new type of global climate model (GCM) has emerged in which a cloud-resolving model (CRM) is embedded into each grid cell of a GCM. This new approach is frequently called a Multiscale Modeling Framework (MMF) or superparameterization. In this article we present a comparison of MMF output with radar observations from the NASA CloudSat mission, which uses a near nadir-po...

The seasonal north-south migration of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) defines the tropical rain belt (TRB), a region of enormous terrestrial and marine biodiversity and home to 40% of people on Earth. The TRB is dynamic and has been shown to shift south as a coherent system during periods of Northern Hemisphere cooling. However, recent studies of Indo-Pacific hydroclimate suggest that...

Mechanisms of global warming impacts on regional tropical precipitation are examined in a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model (ECHAM4/OPYC3). The pattern of the regional tropical precipitation changes, once established, tends to persist, growing in magnitude as greenhouse gases increase. The sulfate aerosol induces regional tropical precipitation anomalies similar to the greenhou...

In this study the term moisture conveyor belt (MCB) is defined as an elongated band of enhanced poleward water vapor fluxes (WVFs) above the PBL that is rooted in the Tropics. This new terminology is illustrated through an exemplary detailed case study of an MCB over the northeastern Pacific during 9–13 November 2003 that provides the moisture for a significant precipitation event in the dry so...

In this study, precipitation in Tropical South America the 1931–2016 period is investigated by means of Principal Component Analysis and composite analysis circulation fields. The associated dynamics are analyzed using 20th century ERA-20C reanalysis. It found that main climatic processes related to anomalies are: (1) intensity position Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ); (2) El Niño Southern Osc...

Little is known about centennialto millennial-scale climate variability during interglacial times, other than the Holocene. We here present high-resolution evidence from anoxic (unbioturbated) sediments in the eastern Mediterranean Sea that demonstrates a sustained V800-yr climate disturbance in the monsoonal latitudes during the Eemian interglacial maximum (V125 ka BP). Results imply that befo...

Atmospheric circulations in the tropics are not well known. Beyond of its complexity, the understanding of tropical meteorology has been prejudiced by the lack of observational data. Meteorological satellites appear as important source of information to complement in-situ observations. At FUNCEME, the Ceara State Foundation for Meteorology and Water Resources, the weather and climate monitoring...