Local grid refinement aims to optimise the relationship between accuracy of the results and number of grid nodes. In the context of the finite volume method no single local refinement criterion has been globally established as optimum for the selection of the control volumes to subdivide, since it is not easy to associate the discretisation error with an easily computable quantity in each contr...

Truncation artifacts occur in MR imaging because Fourier transforms are used to process MR signal data. These artifacts may alter the intensity, shape, and anatomic detail of structures in the spine. Ring artifacts (Gibb phenomenon) occurring near highly contrasting interfaces represent but one manifestation of truncation artifacts visible on MR images. We review truncation phenomena by providi...

Italian displays a rich variety of truncation patterns and therefore forms an ideal testing ground for the constraint interaction determining truncation in general. The goal of this paper is to describe the various truncation patterns of Italian and to define a set of constraints which, in their interaction, can capture the individual patterns. I will focus my attention on name truncation, whic...

Brainstem nuclei have well established roles in generating nonlearned rhythmic behaviors or as output pathways for more complex, forebrain-generated behaviors. However, the role of the brainstem in providing information to the forebrain that is used to initiate or assist in the control of complex behaviors is poorly understood. In this study, we used electrical microstimulation in select nuclei...

‎in this paper, we formulate the fourth order sturm-liouville problem (fslp) as a lie group matrix differential equation. by solving this ma- trix differential equation by lie group magnus expansion, we compute the eigenvalues of the fslp. the magnus expansion is an infinite series of multiple integrals of lie brackets. the approximation is, in fact, the truncation of magnus expansion and a gauss...

When disyllabic words of Chinese are compounded, truncation often applies to yield a disyllabic output that draws one syllable from each of the contributing words, e.g., xiàdiē + fúdù → xiàdiē + fúdù → diēfú. A substantial portion of new words enter Chinese via this process, and all combinations of four underlying syllables are attested in disyllabic neologisms. Variation in which syllable of t...

41e Patients undergoing rhinoplasty occasionally require a decrease in nasal tip projection. Accomplishing such an objective requires a comprehensive working knowledge of nasal anatomy and function. Maneuvers executed to simply gain exposure during open or closed rhinoplasty can influence final position of the nasal tip. Failure to recognize and account for any alterations in tip support struct...

Proficient Content Based Image Retrieval system is a much needed system for plenty of image retrieval supporting applications, which retrieve images more rapidly from giant image databases. Block Truncation Coding (BTC) is one of the prominent and simple techniques used most of the time. This method is built on color properties of an image for image retrieval. In this paper a novel Static Thepa...

Multipliers play a vital role in many cryptographic applications like elliptic curve cryptography, RSA and other algorithms. The direct truncation of least significant part of the product leads to large error in the resultant product when fixed width output is the requirement. This paper proposes a truncation error minimizing logic which greatly reduces truncation error. Truncation error minimi...

Truncation is a term, which defines cutting off the negligible contribution of the results of the fault tree/event tree analysis, when evaluating complex facilities. This paper shows that consideration of requirements from Probabilistic Risk Assessment Procedures Guide at the largest acceptable truncation may lead to more than 40% differences from the results with no truncation at results for F...