A greenhouse study was conducted in sand cultures to compare the effects of saline irrigation waters applied by two different methods, flooding and above-canopy sprinkling, on selenium (Se) accumulation by the forage brassicas, kale (Brassica oleracea L., cv. ‘‘Premier’’) and turnip (B. rapa L., cv. ‘‘Forage Star’’). The composition of the irrigation water was designed to simulate saline (7 dS ...

Readers of this journal will be well aware of the strong evidence that diets rich in fruit and vegetables inhibit the development of major diseases such as CHD and certain cancers (Block et al. 1992; Ness & Powles, 1997). This beneficial effect is ascribed, in part, to the antioxidants in such foods which protect biomolecules in our cells, such as lipids, proteins and DNA, from oxidative damage...

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is a potyvirus that is transmitted by aphids and infects a wide range of plant species. We investigated the evolution of this pathogen by collecting 32 isolates of TuMV, mostly from Brassicaceae plants, in Australia and New Zealand. We performed a variety of sequence-based phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of the complete genomic sequences and of three non-...

It was largely because of our interest in the turnip yellow mosaic virus (Markham & Smith, K. M., 1949) that we began our study of nucleic acids. This virus contains about 37 % by weight of ribonucleic acid, which is an unusually high proportion. All the infected plants which we have examined contain, as well as the virus, another characteristic and related protein in an amount equivalent to 25...

A protoplast infection assay has been used to reliably examine the viral RNA encapsidation of turnip crinkle virus (TCV). Analysis of the encapsidation of various mutant viral RNAs revealed that a 186-nucleotide (nt) region at the 3' end of the coat protein (CP) gene, with a bulged hairpin loop of 28 nt as its most essential element, was indispensable for TCV RNA encapsidation. When RNA fragmen...

Potyviruses have variable single-stranded RNA genomes and many show clear evidence of recombination. This report studied the distribution of recombination sites in the genomes of 92 isolates of the potyvirus Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV); 42 came from the international gene sequence databases and an additional 50 complete genomic sequences were generated from field samples collected in Europe and ...