We describe three regular expression-based methods to characterize as a regular language the language defined by a two-way automaton. The construction methods yield relatively simple techniques to directly construct one-way automata that simulate the behavior of two-way automata. The approaches also offer conceptually uncomplicated alternative equivalence proofs of two-way automata and one-way ...

optimization is an important methodology for activities in planning and design. the transportation designers are able to introduce better projects when they can save time and cost of travel for project by optimization methods. most of the optimization problems in engineering are more complicated than they can be solved by custom optimization methods. the most common and available methods are he...

We study constraints among coupling constants of the standard model obtained in the noncommutative geometry (NCG) method. First, we analyze the evolution of the Higgs boson mass under the renormalization group by adopting the idea of Álvarez et al. For this analysis we derive two certain constraints by modifying Connes’s way of constructing the standard model. Next, we find renormalization grou...

Increasing the population, urbanization has led to the rapid construction of buildings. Due to space constraints and an increase in land cost, these buildings are built too close to each other and can cause damage under dynamic actions such as earthquakes. A new technique, known as Structural coupling, has been developed recently, has found very effective in dissipating the dispersive vibration...