To be more general we call these the uncompensated (or Marshallian or Walrasian) demand functions. These functions are "uncompensated" since price changes will cause utility changes: a situation that does not occur with compensated demand curves. Substituting these solutions back into the utility function, the maximand, we get the actual utility achieved as a function of prices and income. This...

background: chronic kidney disease is asymptomatic until its last stages and though it is increasing globally, we are faced with paucity of a population-based model to assess this disease, particularly in developing countries. therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and trends of ckd according to a new estimation method.   methods: using multiplier method, we estimated t...

The problem of computing market equilibria has started to receive a lot of attention in the theoretical computer science community. Our recent findings suggest that some of the work done by this community, including our own, has been carried out without full awareness of related results coming from the economics literature. This note is the beginning of an effort to precisely pinpoint the compu...

4. Each trader also has a utility function ui : R+ → R+ and wants to maximize his own utility; Suppose each good j has a price pj ≥ 0. Without loss of generality, we assume the price vector p = (p1, p2, . . . , pn) satisfies ∑n j=1 pj = 1. We give the definition of optimal bundles: Definition 2 (Optimal Bundle). Given p ∈ ∆n and bi = ei · p = ∑ j∈[n] eij · pj, then xi ∈ R+ is an optimal bundle ...

The growth of user mobility has created new user needs. Cellular phones, personal assistants and modern communication means are now required for all user tasks. Users want services that are specifically mobile, but they also want to work with and have access to the same applications on their mobile devices as they have at their work place. The mobile system must thus be adapted according to the...

This paper studies a new representation of individ~l preferences termed the benefit function. The benetit function b(g; x,u) measures the amount that an individual is willing to trade, in terms of a specific reference commodity bundle g, for the opportunity to move from utility level a to a consumption bundle x. The benefit function is therefore a generalization of the willingness-to-pay concep...

A pattern is of utility to a person if its use by that person contributes to reaching a goal. Utility based measures use the utilities of the patterns to reflect the user’s goals. In this paper, we first review utility based measures for itemset mining. Then, we present a unified framework for incorporating several utility based measures into the data mining process by defining a unified utilit...

User interface design has become increasingly difficult due to the rise of new kinds electronic devices and emergence Internet Things (IoT). Further, user (UI) designers struggle adapt their UIs evolving needs preferences. In order address these issues, we want support end users in designing own interfaces. However, end-user UI represents a major challenge, given that often lack necessary skill...