OBJECTIVES To describe the relationship of the major muscular, ligamentous and neurovascular structures in relation to standard medial elbow arthroscopic portals used in dogs, and to evaluate their potential iatrogenic lesions. DESIGN Anatomical study using 20 canine cadaveric elbows. METHODS Arthroscopic explorations were performed using medial portals. Three 4 mm orthopaedic pins were int...

Arterial variations in the arm are of potential clinical implications as it is a frequent site of injury and also involved in many surgical and invasive procedures. Variations in the vascular system of upper limbs are relatively common, and occur at the level of the axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries as well as in the palmar arches. During a dissection of the right upper extremity, ...

We describe an unusual combination of unilateral upper limb variations, including an axillary arch, absence of a "typical" musculocutaneous nerve, direct lateral cord innervation of the muscles usually supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve, variant superficial brachial artery, a high anomalous origin of the common interosseous artery and a superficial ulnar artery noted during routine cadaver ...

UNLABELLED A 35-year-old farmer presented with complaints of pain in the right upper limb for 1 month and bluish discoloration of the right-hand finger tips with tingling and numbness. He sustained injury to the right upper limb while lifting a heavy object 1 mo previously. There was an ovoid swelling of 4 × 2 cm on the medial aspect of the right arm, 12 cm above the medial epicondyle at the le...

To cite: Gupta A, Gupta S, Harris S, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015213678 DESCRIPTION A 32-year-old man, a mason, presented with right hand pain of 2-week duration, but reported no acute injury. Ulcerative changes and blanching at the tips of right fourth/fifth digits were observed. Significant tenderness to palpation over the right di...

Compartment syndrome of the left hand from a late diagnosed post-traumatic ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm. We report the case of 27 years old boy with a tipping and cutting wound on his left wrist, generating an ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm, that was late diagnosed, and therefore complicated by a compartment syndrome in the wrist. Immediately after the trauma the subject went to the emergency room ...

BACKGROUND The proximal ulnar artery has several branches, including perforators that are directly derived from the ulnar artery and anterior/posterior recurrent arteries. There are only a few reports of flaps that use the anterior/posterior recurrent arteries, and flaps employing their perforators as a main pedicle are yet to be reported. In this study, posterior ulnar recurrent artery perfora...

BACKGROUND Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a relatively rare disease process caused by repetitive stress or injury to the hypothenar eminence leading to chronic injury to the ulnar artery. This chronic stress (usually as a result of occupational or sport activities) may result in arterial constriction or thickening, which may lead to thrombosis or aneurysm formation. A review of current literatur...

PURPOSE To evaluate real-time parameters of palmar microcirculation before and after harvesting of the radial artery in coronary revascularization using a laser Doppler flowmetry and remission spectroscopy system (O2C). DESCRIPTION Fifteen patients (11 males, 54 +/- 4 years, mean New York Heart Association [NYHA] class of 2.3 +/- 0.3) were prospectively scheduled with control measurements of ...