Renewable hydrogen production is a sustainable method for the development of next-generation energy technologies. Utilising solar energy and photocatalysts to split water is an ideal method to produce hydrogen. In this review, the fundamental principles and recent progress of hydrogen production by artificial photosynthesis are reviewed, focusing on hydrogen production from photocatalytic water...

A 67-year-old man with chronic hemodialysis (HD), who had end-stage renal disease secondary to diabetic nephropathy and had been on HD for 9 years with ultrapure dialysis solution, is presented with recurrent transient loss of consciousness during HD.

BACKGROUND This study investigated the oxidation of selected progestagenic steroid hormones by potassium permanganate at pH 6.0 and 8.0 in ultrapure water and wastewater effluents, using bench-scale assays. Second order rate constants for the reaction of potassium permanganate with progestagens (levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, norethindrone and progesterone) was determined as a function of...

We introduce a time-domain model to study the dynamics of optoelectronic oscillators. We show that, due to the interaction between nonlinearity and time delay, the envelope amplitude of ultrapure microwaves generated by optoelectronic oscillators can turn unstable when the gain is increased beyond a given critical value. Our analytical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations and expe...