In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) for assessing water stress in maize for the purpose of developing remote sensing techniques for monitoring water deficits in crops. Leaf-level chlorophyll fluorescence and canopy-level PRI were measured concurrently over a maize field with five different irrigation treatm...

This paper studied effects of ultrasonic treatment during the solidification process on structure formation of low carbon steel. Results showed that with ultrasonic treatment grains were refined and the steel ingot avoided the cast widmanstatten structure. When ultrasonic treatment was employed, pearlite was broken and the average length of pearlite was decreased from 550mm to 140mm. The corres...

Ultrasonic and dielectrophoretic particle manipulation have been studied for particle trajectory modification and particle trapping in microfluidic channels. We report an approach that combines dielectrophoresis (DEP) and ultrasonic fields to trap and concentrate particles and cells in an aqueous suspension. By simultaneously applying electric and ultrasonic fields to the sample, the favorable ...

Using ultrasonic devices in endodontics can enhance the antibacterial and tissue dissolving ability of different root canal irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) which is the most common irrigant with excellent antibacterial and tissue dissolving abilities. However, due to its high surface tension, its penetration into the irregularities of the root canal system is a challenge. The purp...

Ultrasonic measurements have been performed for comprehensive microstructural characterisation in 9 % Cr ferritic steels. The variation in grain size, the effect of solution annealing temperature on microstructure developed, the variation in microstructure of the weld joints, the effect of post weld heat treatment and precipitation behaviour during thermal ageing and creep testing have been suc...

Introduction: The last comprehensive photochemical model for Jupiter’s troposphere was presented by Edgington et al. [1,2], based upon the work of Atreya et al. [3] and Kaye and Strobel [4-6]. Since these early studies, numerous laboratory experiments have led to an improvement in our understanding of PH3, NH3-PH3, and NH3-C2H2 photochemistry [7-13]. Furthermore, recent Galileo, Cassini, and Ea...