Devaluation has different effects on the structure of trade patterns in countries which have a fixed exchange rate regime. The experience of devaluation in many countries has clearly shown that devaluation policies have not always led to the improvement of their trade pattern structures. Some empirical studies have revealed that after employing devaluation, the real rate of money in some nation...

in a managed floating exchange rate regime, one of the most important issues is the degree to which the monetary authorities intervene in the foreign exchange market.  the appropriate level of intervention in the foreign exchange market can be discussed in a framework which emphasizes the trade-off between changes in the country’s level of international reserves and minimizes the country’s real...

Abstract T he relationship between public sector deficits and inflation is one of the important and controversial issues in the academic literature as well as in economic policy field. On the other hand, a major objective of macroeconomic policies is to foster economic growth and to keep inflation on a low level. So keeping the price stability plays an important role in de...

  P redicting the amount of country imports toward assessing trade balance and its effect on the balance of payments (BOP) and finally money supply, general level of prices and the rate of economic growth is of paramount importance. Therefore, economic policymakers seriously need a model which cannot only predict the volume of imports well but also be capable of re...

T   he completed MCI includes three main channels of interest rate, exchange rate and credit rate. In developing countries such as Iran, this indicator, which contains a credit channel, could be better used to illustrate the country’s monetary condition. This study has been done to calculate this index for the period of 1978–2012. For this purpose, the function of the total economy demand ...