BACKGROUND Universal goniometer (UG) is commonly used as a standard method to evaluate range of motion (ROM) as part of joint motions. It has some restrictions, such as involvement of both hands of the physician, leads to instability of hands and error. Nowadays smartphones usage has been increasing due to its easy application. OBJECTIVES The study was designed to compare the smartphone incli...

Disability sports have been globally promoted to achieve an inclusive society. However, the current opportunities for people with disabilities are few in terms of participating supporting positions, such as athletic trainers. In Japan, many visual impairment (VI) work physical therapists; thus, they can become active medical staff field. An example a assessment is muscle tightness test (MTT); h...

We describe geometric non-commutative formal groups in terms of a geometric commutative formal group with a Poisson structure on its splay algebra. We describe certain natural properties of such Poisson structures and show that any such Poisson structure gives rise to a non-commutative formal group. We describe geometric non-commutative formal groups in terms of a geometric commutative formal g...

This paper presents a formal model of language acquisition that, in addition to meeting the traditional learnability condition, makes time-course predictions about child language development. We view language acquisition as a population of human grammars, made available by UG, compete in a selectionist process. Selection is made possible by the variational properties of individual grammars; spe...

ConTroll is a grammar development system which supports the implementation of current constraint-based theories. It uses strongly typed feature structures as its principal data structure and ooers deenite relations, universal constraints, and lexical rules to express grammar constraints. The aspects of ConTroll of relevance to the development of large grammars are discussed in detail. The syste...

This paper gives a brief overview of some of the primary arguments for Radical Construction Grammar (Croft 2001). Radical Construction Grammar is a theory of syntactic representation which is compatible with—in fact, I believe, is a consequence of—the facts of the grammars of human languages. In fact, Radical Construction Grammar proposes an extremely minimalist model of syntax from a universal...

We report a computational study on the CHILDES database for learning a word grammar of Turkish nouns. The syllable-based model converges to a morpheme-based model in terms of overlaps in the set of lexical hypotheses. Morphology is a hidden variable in all models, and the search problem for hypotheses is narrowed down by a probabilistic conception of universal grammar à la Combinatory Categoria...

In a recent paper [Lidz, J., Gleitman, H., & Gleitman, L. (2003). Understanding how input matters: Verb learning and the footprint of universal grammar. Cognition, 87, 151–178], we provided crosslinguistic evidence in favor of the following linked assertions: (i) Verb argument structure is a correlate of verb meaning; (ii) However, argument structure is not directly available to learners as a c...

There are many logical possibilities for marking morphological features. However only some of them are attested in languages of the world, and out of them some are more frequent than others. For example, it has been observed (Sapir, 1921; Greenberg, 1957; Hawkins & Gilligan, 1988) that inflectional morphology tends to overwhelmingly involve suffixation rather than prefixation. This paper propos...

A new framework for the study of the human moral faculty is currently receiving much attention: the so-called 'universal moral grammar' framework. It is based on an intriguing analogy, first pointed out by Rawls, between the study of the human moral sense and Chomsky's research program into the human language faculty. To assess UMG, we ask: is moral competence modular? Does it have an underlyin...