Iran is located in a high-risk seismic zone of earthquakes. It has thousands of valuable historic buildings, mostly made of unreinforced masonry, which is quite vulnerable to natural hazards, especially earthquakes. The conservation and seismic upgrading of these buildings is vital for their survival. However, resources are limited and some sort of prioritization is needed in order to alloca...

Perforated unreinforced masonry (URM) walls in out-of-plane (OOP) two-way bending are commonly encountered natural hazard investigations. However, related research is rather limited. This study focuses on the influence of openings capacity URM walls. An experimental database about perforated OOP was created. A brief review results show that arrangement opening area can significantly affect (def...

• A two-dimensional mesoscale lattice modeling approach for infill walls is proposed. Two tests were conducted aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC) infilled with and without openings. Modeling was validated the test results. Infill contact length found to depend on deformation levels. Significant wall damage in reinforced frame buildings observed past earthquakes. vast number of numerical approach...

iran is located in a high-risk seismic zone of earthquakes. it has thousands of valuable historic buildings, mostly made of unreinforced masonry, which is quite vulnerable to natural hazards, especially earthquakes. the conservation and seismic upgrading of these buildings is vital for their survival. however, resources are limited and some sort of prioritization is needed in order to allocate ...