Robust epidemiological data link higher levels of the antioxidant urate to a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) and to a slower rate of its progression. Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), blocks the oxidation of xanthine to urate. The present study sought to determine whether lowering levels of urate using allopurinol results in exacerbated neurotoxicit...

Renal insufficiency is common in adults with homozygous sickle cell disease, and the contribution of glomerular failure to the hyperuricaemia which is often a feature of the disease has therefore been investigated. In a study of 64 patients between the ages of 15 and 66, serum urate concentration was dependent on renal urate clearance and also on creatinine clearance. The relation between serum...

AIMS To characterize patients with urate measurements by urate-lowering therapy (ULT) use and to study the impact of allopurinol treatment on cardiovascular and mortality outcomes. METHODS A cohort study using a record-linkage database. The study included 7135 patients aged ≥60 years with urate measurements between 2000 and 2002 followed up until 2007. A Cox regression model was used. The ass...

BACKGROUND Because of the changing dietary habits of an aging population, hyperuricemia is frequently found in combination with other metabolic disorders. Longstanding elevation of the serum uric acid level can lead to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals, causing gout (arthritis, urate nephropathy, tophi). In Germany, the prevalence of gouty arthritis is estimated at 1.4%, higher than t...

Gout is a common disorder characterized by hyperuricemia and the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in various tissues. Clinical manifestations of gout include attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis, a chronic destructive arthropathy known as chronic tophaceous gout, and non-articular accumulation of monosodium urate crystals crystals suchs as tophi and kidney stones. Acute gouty arthriti...

Rationale: Gouty panniculitis, characterised by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in subcutaneous tissue, is a rare clinical manifestation of gout. Patient concerns: The case of a 67-year-old man is reported, who presented an erythematous nodule on the upper part of the right buttock suspicious for an abscess. This was in the context of chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Diagnos...

BackgroundGouty arthritis is an extremely painful condition that causes functional impairment. Longstanding elevation of the serum uric acid level can lead to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals, causing gout (arthritis, urate nephropathy, tophi). Gouty arthritis has become increasingly complex because of multiple comorbidities, iatrogenic factors and hyperuricemia that is refractory to...

Gout is a well-known inflammatory arthritis and affects four percent of the United States population. It results from the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints, tendons, bursae, and other surrounding tissues. Prevalence of gout has increased in the recent decade. Gout is usually seen in conjunction with other chronic comorbid conditions like cardiac disease, metabolic syndrome, and renal d...

D iseases traditionally associated with hyperuricemia include acute urate nephropathy, gouty arthropathy, and nephrolithiasis. In recent years, however, understanding of additional adverse effects of hyperuricemia has been advanced. Early scientific literature suggested an association between serum urate concentration and incidence of cardiovascular disease, but the field lay relatively dormant...

Studies on hypouricaemia observed in a patient with 48,XXYY syndrome revealed an abnormality in renal urate handling. His renal urate clearance was abnormally increased. Inosine administration and provocative tests using probenecid and pyrazinamide identified an isolated renal tubular abnormality with increased urate secretion. Since the serum urate in his brother with a normal sex chromosome c...