BACKGROUND Bangladesh is committed to the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG-5) target of reducing its maternal mortality ratio by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015. Since the early 1990s, Bangladesh has followed a strategy of improving access to facilities equipped and staffed to provide emergency obstetric care (EmOC). METHODS We used data from four Demographic and Health Surveys con...

BACKGROUND To increase levels of physical activity (PA), interventions that create or enhance access to places for PA are recommended. Establishing a joint use agreement is one way to increase access to existing PA and recreational facilities. The purpose of this article is to present a case study of In-Motion, a pilot joint use agreement project at one urban high school in Honolulu, Hawaii. ...

The day-to-day reliability of transportation facilities significantly affects travel behavior. To better understand how travelers use these facilities, it is critical to understand and characterize this reliability for different facilities. Early work in this area assumed that the variance of day-to-day travel times (a measure of the inverse of reliability) increases proportionally with the mea...

The cities are facing illegal dumping of municipal solid waste (MSW) because the waste collection facilities do not cover the entire population. Furthermore, this sector is poorly developed in small towns or villages annexed to administrative territory units (ATU) of cities , MSW are disposed in open dumps polluting the local environment. This paper analyzes on the one hand the urban disparitie...

Transportation has historically had a major influence on cities their locations, growth and form. Civil engineers were the leading public servants in construction of railway and transit systems. With diversification of transportation and, particularly, growth of highways, the solutions to urban transportation have become extremely complex. Instead of only building new facilities, it is now nece...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify development strategies for Business Tourism in territories where this segment is not always given due consideration, especially at the level of local and regional development policies. Design – The paper discusses the concepts of Business Tourism and analyses the characteristics of a delimited territory in the Central Region of Portugal that en...

BACKGROUND Rapid urban population growth is of global concern as it is accompanied with several new health challenges. The urban poor who reside in informal settlements are more vulnerable to these health challenges. Lack of formal government public health facilities for the provision of health care is also a common phenomenon among communities inhabited by the urban poor. To help ameliorate th...

The pressures for closer alignment between physicians and hospitals in both rural and urban areas are increasing. This study empirically specifies independent dimensions of physician and clinical integration and compares the extent to which such activities are practiced between rural and urban hospitals and among rural hospitals in different organizational and market contexts. Results suggest t...

The paper is dusted to an evaluation methodology for urban renewal plans. A central rol e is played by the concept of supply profil es of urban facilities. Urban renewal is considered to be a qualitative improvement of these profil es. Many urban renewal plans are characterized by the availability of soft (ordinal or qualitative) information. Therefore, the paper gives an overview óf soft muUi ...

Using public Internet facilities in order to access information and communication technologies (ICT) is the main model of use after the more common models of home use (individual ownership) and access at work or at school/university. Especially in developing countries, public and shared facilities help to create desperately needed access and are a main strategy in several Internet access progra...