The steps in the pathway of formation of valine are: decarbosylation of pyruvate to an acetaldehyde-thiamine pyrophosphate intermediate which condenses with another molecule of pyruvate to yield ar-acetolactic acid, migration of the a-methyl carbon to form ar-keto-fl-hydroxyisovaleric acid, reduction of this acid to produce (Y ,&dihydroxyisovaleric acid, dehydration to yield ar-ketoisovaleric a...

The isoleucine and valine biosynthetic enzyme acetolactate synthase (Ilv2p) is an attractive antifungal drug target, since the isoleucine and valine biosynthetic pathway is not present in mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ilv2Delta mutants do not survive in vivo, Cryptococcus neoformans ilv2 mutants are avirulent, and both S. cerevisiae and Cr. neoformans ilv2 mutants die upon isoleucine and va...

The binding interactions of cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with l -valine, d -leucine, and -methionine, both in aqueous solution solid state, have been studied by 1 H NMR spectroscopy X-ray crystallography.

The influence of the relative concentrations of amino acids in culture media on the growth of microorganisms was first brought to the attention of microbiologists by Gladstone (1939). He observed that isoleucine, valine, or leucine added singly to a synthetic medium inhibited the growth of the anthrax bacillus whereas a mixture of the three stimulated growth. Although Gladstone was unable at th...

Escherichia coli K-12 mutants resistant to growth inhibition by valine were isolated. These strains contained mutations in the ilvB operon effecting either the regulation of acetohydroxy acid synthase I or the sensitivity of the enzyme to end product inhibition by valine.

The reaction of two D-amino acid oxidases from the yeasts Rhodotorula gracilis and Trigonopsis variabilis with the substrates alanine and valine in their 2-1H and 2-2H forms was studied employing the stopped-flow spectrophotometric technique. The turnover numbers at infinite substrate and oxygen concentrations were: 20,700/4,250 and 1,730/360 ([2-1H]/[2-2H]alanine and valine, respectively) for ...

BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic glomerulopathy. The role of AGEs in non-diabetic renal damage is not well characterized. First, we studied whether renal AGE accumulation occurs in non-diabetic proteinuria-induced renal damage and whether this is ameliorated by renoprotective treatment. Secondly, we investigated whether renal AGE accum...

Sows (98 first parity and 104 second parity) were used to determine the effects of dietary lysine and valine on lactation performance. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial with two levels of lysine (.80 or 1.20%) and three valine:lysine ratios (80, 100, or 120% of lysine). For all sows, increasing dietary lysine increased litter weaning weight (P < .001) and litter weight gain (P < .00...

Growth assays and nitrogen balance trials were conducted in an attempt to estimate requirements for threonine, isoleucine, valine and leucine. Weanling kittens were fed a basal purified diet containing 27% crystalline L-amino acids and 4,700 kcal metabolizable energy per kilogram diet. Based upon rate and efficiency of growth, and upon urinary nitrogen excretion, estimated requirements for thre...