Can knowledge help viewers when they appreciate an artwork? Experts' judgments of the aesthetic value of a painting often differ from the estimates of naïve viewers, and this phenomenon is especially pronounced in the aesthetic judgment of abstract paintings. We compared the changes in aesthetic judgments of naïve viewers while they were progressively exposed to five pieces of background inform...

the legislator has not an explicit view about revision to judgments based on definitive oath. this point has caused disagreement between judges and lawyers. such disagreement may be entitled the losing party to petition in revision court in one case and deprive other losing party from it in similar case. in addition, the lawyers doubt in basis of rule in article 369 of civil procedure code base...

Undergraduates observed configurations of point-lights undergoing wheel-generated motions and judged how wheel-like the movement of each stimulus appeared on a 7-point scale. Viewer judgments were predicted by a metric defining the variable parameters for the motion path of each configuration’s geometric center--the centroid. The effects on judgments of eye movement and the stimulus characteris...

BACKGROUND All cultural groups in the world place paramount value on interpersonal trust. Existing research suggests that although accurate judgments of another's trustworthiness require extensive interactions with the person, we often make trustworthiness judgments based on facial cues on the first encounter. However, little is known about what facial cues are used for such judgments and what ...

Purpose Predatory trading is a stock market technique in which certain participants exploit information about other participants' need to trade. often harms others. Hence, this paper examines the determinants and effects of financial practitioners' lay people's judgments predatory trading. Specifically, it investigates how public availability reliability exploited affect their ethics legality l...

Abstract Informed by Eccles and colleagues’ expectancy-value theory Möller Marsh’s dimensional comparison theory, we examined cross-domain intra-individual differences in elementary teachers’ ( N = 57) their students’ 469) ratings of ability subjective importance math reading. Latent difference score analyses revealed that students perceived greater own versus reading than did teachers. Analogo...

How much we like something, whether it be a bottle of wine or a new film, is affected by the opinions of others. However, the social information that we receive can be contradictory and vary in its reliability. Here, we tested whether the brain incorporates these statistics when judging value and confidence. Participants provided value judgments about consumer goods in the presence of online re...

Two experiments examine the process by which free gift promotions serve as a source of information about the underlying value of the product offered as a free gift. The value-discounting hypothesis argues that by virtue of being offered as a free gift, products will be valued less as evinced by lower purchase intentions and a lower price that consumers are willing to pay for them. Conditions th...

The construction of meaning in texts inevitably involves the expression of value judgments (Mirskin, 1995) as well as other types of writer evaluation. This paper explores the expression of value in argumentative English language essays written by first year undergraduates. Hunston’s (1989) evaluation of value which essentially involves qualitative judgements along the good–bad cline is used to...