Fractional dynamics is a field of study in physics and mechanics investigating the behavior of objects and systems that are characterized by power-law nonlocality, power-law long-term memory or fractal properties by using integrations and differentiation of noninteger orders, i.e., by methods in the fractional calculus. This paper is a review of physical models that look very promising for futu...

The relation between the heat flux vector and temperature gradient is called heat conduction constitutive model. The most well known constitutive relation in heat transfer is Fourier model which is originally based on experimental observations. This model which is pure diffusive in nature considers the instantaneous flow of heat in the medium in the presence of even a small temperature gradient...

Nature often presents complex dynamics, which cannot be explained by means of ordinary models. In this paper, we establish an approach to certain fractional dynamic systems using only deterministic arguments. The behavior of the trajectories of fractional non-linear autonomous systems around the corresponding critical points in the phase space is studied. In this work we arrive to several inter...

This paper is devoted to the study of discrete fractional calculus; the particular goal is to define and solve well-defined discrete fractional difference equations. For this purpose we first carefully develop the commutativity properties of the fractional sum and the fractional difference operators. Then a ν-th (0 < ν ≤ 1) order fractional difference equation is defined. A nonlinear problem wi...

Physical Phenomena’s located around us are primarily nonlinear in nature and their solutions are of highest significance for scientists and engineers. In order to have a better representation of these physical models, fractional calculus is used. Fractional order oscillation equations are included among these nonlinear phenomena’s. To tackle with the nonlinearity arising, in these phenomena’s w...

Fractional calculus, which has almost the same history as classic calculus, did not attract enough attention for a long time. However, in recent decades, fractional calculus and fractional differential equations become more and more popular because of its powerful potential applications. A large number of new differential equations (models) that involve fractional calculus are developed. These ...

The aim of this tutorial survey is to revisit the basic theory of relaxation processes governed by linear differential equations of fractional order. The fractional derivatives are intended both in the Rieamann-Liouville sense and in the Caputo sense. After giving a necessary outline of the classical theory of linear viscoelasticity, we contrast these two types of fractional derivatives in thei...

We introduce a discrete-time fractional calculus of variations on the time scale hZ, h > 0. First and second order necessary optimality conditions are established. Examples illustrating the use of the new Euler-Lagrange and Legendre type conditions are given. They show that solutions to the considered fractional problems become the classical discrete-time solutions when the fractional order of ...

Finite differences, as a subclass of direct methods in the calculus of variations, consist in discretizing the objective functional using appropriate approximations for derivatives that appear in the problem. This article generalizes the same idea for fractional variational problems. We consider a minimization problem with a Lagrangian that depends on the left Riemann– Liouville fractional deri...

It is known that the Laplace transform is frequently used to solve fractional-order differential equations. Unlike integer-order differential equations, fractional-order differential equations always lead to difficulties in calculating inversion of Laplace transforms. Motivated by finding an easy way to numerically solve the fractional-order differential equations, we investigated the validity ...