a progressive rise in coronary vascular resistance associated with elevation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and ventricular fibrillation. The increase in coronary vascular resistance with digoxin during ischemia was abolished with phenoxybenzamine in two additional dogs. Thus, i.v. digitalis in the ischemic heart results in potentially detrimental increases in coronary vascular Duri...

The hallmark of hypertension is an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. This increase is considered to be related to an increase in tone of resistance arteries as well as to structural changes (i.e., vascular remodeling) of these blood vessels. Accordingly, hypertension research has focused on identifying the mediator or mediators responsible for this phenomenon. Although several possibl...

To evaluate the role of ventricular baroreceptors in humans, we studied the effects of propranolol on reflex vasoconstrictor responses to simulated orthostatic stress. We measured forearm vascular resistance in 10 normal males in the control state and during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) at -10 and -40mm Hg before and after propranolol (0.1 mg/kg i.v.). Baseline forearm vascular resistanc...

Objective(s) Diabetes related dysfunction of resistance vessels is associated with vascular occlusive diseases. Vasorelaxant agents may have a role in control of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) has demonstrated to cause vasorelaxation. The present study was designed to determine i) the vasorelaxatory effect of GABA on diabetic vessels and ii) the role of e...

To evaluate the role of ventricular baroreceptors in humans, we studied the effects of propranolol on reflex vasoconstrictor responses to simulated orthostatic stress. We measured forearm vascular resistance in 10 normal males in the control state and during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) at -10 and -40mm Hg before and after propranolol (0.1 mg/kg i.v.). Baseline forearm vascular resistanc...

Vascular dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and impaired fibrinolysis have each been reported to be present in type 2 diabetes, but their relationships, and the role of obesity, have not been investigated. We measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp), forearm blood flow responses to graded local acetylcholine (Ach) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) infusions, plasma con...

ulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by progressively elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Sustained elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance causes severe right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure accompanied by severely reduced cardiac output and leads to poor prognosis. Treatment with vasodilators, such as epoprostenol (prostaglandin I2),...

Pulmonary vascular resistance drops sharply within a few minutes after birth for the survival of neonates. A majority of this resistance is caused by "pulmonary vascular bed" or vessel lacking smooth muscle cells. Heparin is known to promote proliferation and development of endothelial cells and to subsequently decrease their overall vascular resistance, but its detailed features remained unkno...

BACKGROUND Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been used to assess the vasodilator capacity of the pulmonary vascular bed in children with congenital heart disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Inhaled iloprost is a pulmonary vasodilator for the long-term treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Because these 2 vasodilators act through different pathways (release of cGMP or cAMP, res...