In recent years there has been a shift in biodiversity conservation efforts from the confines of enclosed protected areas to a more expansive view of interlinked habitat patches across multiple land tenure types and land uses. However, much work remains on how conservation managers can intervene in such a system to achieve the sustainabil-ity of basic conservation goals. An agent-based model of...

Riparian vegetation patches growing on river banks and floodplains influence in-channel overbank hydromorphological processes. The current knowledge patch-scale hydrodynamics is largely based laboratory flume experiments with simplified vegetation. aim of this study to provide new understanding the flow wake characteristics for real riparian field-scale natural willows, in order inform ecologic...

Vegetated canopies modify water conveyance and bed stabilization in aquatic ecosystems, providing shelter for other organisms. The sheltering effect downstream of a canopy is, however, rarely quantified live vegetation, it is unknown how this influenced by vegetation patch configuration characteristics. We measured the different species configurations comparing length steady wake region, define...

Bio-hydro-morphodynamic simulation is an essential tool for analyzing fluvial processes under the influence of riparian vegetation, and has developed over past decade. However, most bio-hydro-morphodynamic models have neglected flexibility vegetation. The flow-induced deformation flexible vegetation changes resistance to water flow. Therefore, affects flow surrounding patches, alters bed shear ...

Most studies dealing with species distribution patterns on fragmented landscapes focus on the characteristics of habitat patches that influence local occurrence and abundance, but they tend to neglect the question of what drives colonization of previously unoccupied patches. In a study of the dryad butterfly, we combined classical approaches derived from metapopulation theory and landscape ecol...

Vegetation type plays an important role in regulating the temporal and spatial variation of soil respiration. Therefore, vegetation patchiness may cause high uncertainties in the estimates of soil respiration for scaling field measurements to ecosystem level. Few studies provide insights regarding the influence of vegetation types on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity in an estuar...

Long-term measurements of ecological effects of warming are often not statistically significant because of annual variability or signal noise. These are reduced in indicators that filter or reduce the noise around the signal and allow effects of climate warming to emerge. In this way, certain indicators act as medium pass filters integrating the signal over years-to-decades. In the Alaskan Arct...

The great Pacific groups of atolls are such archipelagoes as the Tuamotus, Carolines, Marshalls, Gilberts, the Phoenix-Ellice group, and those scattered clusters and individual islands collectively termed the Pacific Equatorial or Line Islands. The observations forming the basis of this paper were made on visits to all these groups, except the Phoenix-Ellice and Gilberts, as well as to the Aust...