The rapid progress in nanoelectronics showed an urgent need for microwave measurement of impedances extremely different from the 50Ω reference impedance of measurement instruments. In commonly used methods input impedance or admittance of a device under test (DUT) is derived from measured value of its reflection coefficient causing serious accuracy problems for very high and very low impedances...

Three commercially available bioimpedance spectroscopy analysers were compared for technical performance and for their design purpose of prediction of body composition. All three analysers were electronically stable, remaining in calibration over a year, and provided highly reproducible (coefficients of variation < 0.5%) and accurate (within 0.5% of component values) measurements of impedances ...

During the past years, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a recognized treatment option for patients with heart failure and conduction delays. In the meantime, the principle of re-synchronizing a dyssynchronous ventricle can be regarded as established. The challenge of correctly identifying the patient candidates who will benefit from this costly and not completely noninvasive t...

Clinical vignette: A 76-year-old man consults you for increasing shortness of breath over the past two years and an increasing requirement for home oxygen. A video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy shows findings of usual interstitial pneumonitis, and he has no identifiable cause for pulmonary fibrosis, so he is considered to have idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). His diffusing capacity for...

The impedance matrices of independent point fingers of a multifingered gripper map to the impedance matrix of a grasped workpart. We find that in a planar geometry, three fingers are enough to allow an unrestricted range of workpart impedances, if finger impedances are selectable. In a spatial geometry however, five fingers are necessary for the broadest range of workpart impedances, and even s...

Techniques based on the perturbation of cavity resonators are commonly used to measure the permittivity and permeability of samples of dielectric and ferrite materials at microwave frequencies. They are also used to measure the local electric and magnetic field strengths in microwave structures including the shunt impedances of cavity resonators and the coupling impedances of slow-wave structur...

Patients who undergo abdominal surgery experience a phenomenon commonly called postoperative ileus (POI). Standard of care requires patients to get out of bed, sit in a chair, and begin ambulating the first postoperative day. No evidence supports standard care activities reduce POI duration. Rocking-chair motion has shown promise in reducing POI duration. Sixty-six participants were randomized ...